CognitiveIoT‐Based Health Monitoring Scheme Using Non‐Orthogonal Multiple Access

Abstract

It has become very essential to address the limited spectrum capacity and their efficient utilization to support the increasing number of Internet of Things devices. When it comes to medical infrastructure, it becomes very imperative for medical devices to communicate with the base station. In such situations, communication over the wireless medium must provide optimized throughput (data rate) with effectual energy usage, which will ensure precise medical feedback by the responsible staff. Taking into account, it is necessary to operate wireless communication precisely at a higher frequency with more substantial bandwidth and low latency. Cognitive Radio (CR) is traditionally a viable choice, where it identifies and utilizes the vacant spectrum, thus maximizing the primary user's capacity and achieving spectral efficiency. To ensure such outcomes, the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) techniques have proven to deliver an effective solution to the increasing number of devices with unimpaired performance, especially when the communication shifts towards a higher frequency band such as the mmWave band. In this chapter, IoT based CR network in uplink communication is proposed alongside employing NOMA techniques for optimal throughput, and energy efficiency for a medical infrastructure. Numerical results show that effectual throughput and energy efficiency for a High Reliable Communication (HRC) device and Moderate Reliable Communication (MRC) device improve over 83.13% and 73.95%, respectively and their corresponding energy efficacy values show vast improvement (83.11% and 73.96% respectively). Likewise, for interference case both the throughput and the energy efficiency improve approximately over 93% for all devices. physiological data. Thus, alerting the person to take necessary precautions and assist the medical professionals to make sound decisions regarding the appropriate treatment to cure diseases in the right time [3 -5].Due to the huge prospects of WBAN bringing revolutionary changes in telemedicine systems with real deployment of IoT, some different wireless standards have been proposed. IEEE wireless standard 802.15 defined as wireless personal area network (WPAN) is considered as suitable technology to fulfill the purpose of e-health systems [4]. IEEE 802.15 standard has several versions such as 802.15.1 and 802.15.4. These are commonly known as Bluetooth and ZigBee respectively, which are widely used as low power consumed, short ranged and low data transfer enabled wireless technology for infotainment and health care services [6]. Later on, IEEE originated 802.15.6 named as WBAN particularly developed for telemedicine systems with improvement in data reliability, sensor life time, latency and interference [7].In the near future, a large number of sensors will be deployed on the body of the patients through WBANs to manage healthcare services remotely and provide intuitive decisions of medical professionals more dynamically. Therefore, handling big amounts of situationalawareness data in healthcare se...