Cognitive screening instruments for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment

Larner, A. J.

doi:10.1002/pnp.421

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Largest effect sizes for MCI diagnosis in the older subgroup were found using MoCA and MACE, as previously reported for the whole cohort unselected for age. 20 Standard summary measures of discrimination for diagnosis of Tables 3 and 4 respectively. For dementia diagnosis, all tests were very sensitive but not very specific for both the whole cohorts and the older subgroups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic test accuracy of cognitive screeners in older people

Wojtowicz¹,

Larner²

2017

Prog Neurol Psychiatry

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Age is a key risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia, although cognitive complaints may also occur in younger people. Here, the authors re‐analyse data from several pragmatic diagnostic test accuracy studies examining various short cognitive screening instruments (CSIs) in a secondary‐care, neurology‐led, cognitive disorders clinic and establish whether any CSI tests are more favourable in the older age group.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic test accuracy of cognitive screeners in older people

Wojtowicz¹,

Larner²

2017

Prog Neurol Psychiatry

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“…A significant difference in JOSS scores was found across the MCI, control, and dementia groups, but this significant difference was not observed between MCI and the control group as well as HDS‐R or MMSE. However, some previous studies have revealed a significant difference using MMSE . Further study is needed to show the significant difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, some previous studies have revealed a significant difference using MMSE. 19 Further study is needed to show the significant difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese Old Stories Cognitive Scale: a screening test to detect cognitive disease and prompt visiting a memory clinic

Honjo¹,

Takechi

2019

Psychogeriatrics

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Background Early detection and diagnosis is critical in enhancing treatment outcomes for those with cognitive disease. However, most Japanese patients are averse to visiting mental health clinics or taking cognitive screening examinations. A new simple screening test is needed that is acceptable to patients and encourages them to visit a memory clinic if indicated. Methods We developed a brief screening examination, consisting of four common Japanese old stories, for detection of cognitive disease. A total of 311 patients at three outpatient memory clinics completed the screening test, responding to a 10‐question, fill‐in‐the‐blanks assessment. Questions were read aloud to patients with visual impairment, and we transcribed the spoken responses of patients who were physically incapable of writing. The Hasegawa Dementia Scale‐Revised (HDS‐R) and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) were administered at the same time. Results Using the developed Japanese Old Stories Cognitive Scale (JOSS), we found significant differences between dementia and control or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) groups. The JOSS was less affected by education level than the HDS‐R or MMSE, possibly because Japanese old stories are usually learned from family members during preschool years. The JOSS may be able to detect remote memory disturbance in addition to other cognitive dysfunctions. Conclusions Most patients with AD, even in advanced stages, are averse to visiting a memory clinic because it can be difficult to accept any resulting diagnosis of cognitive disease. JOSS is a quick and simple screening tool to gather evidence of cognitive dysfunction and prompt a referral to a memory clinic. Patients with cognitive disease found the JOSS acceptable, and its high specificity could be useful in encouraging patients to visit already‐crowded memory clinics for formal diagnosis and intervention.

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“…The arithmetic mean scores for all three of the CSIs examined differed significantly (p<0.001) between dementia and MCI cases and between MCI and SMC cases ( Table 2), as previously reported. 2 Examining log transformed test scores, the geometric mean scores for all three of the CSIs examined differed significantly (p<0.001) between dementia and MCI cases and between MCI and SMC cases ( Table 3). Back transforming the geometric mean scores (Table 4) did not show arithmetic means to be less than geometric means for MoCA and MACE as might be anticipated with negatively skewed datasets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The analyses showed that several short performance-based CSIs showed statistically significant (p<0.05) differences in test scores when patients with dementia, MCI, and SMC were compared, suggesting that these CSIs might be used to identify MCI cases. 2 The assumption of normally, or approximately normally, distributed Cognitive screeners for MCI: is correction of skewed data necessary?…”

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confidence: 99%

Cognitive screeners for MCI: is correction of skewed data necessary?

Larner¹

2018

Prog Neurol Psychiatry

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Correct identification of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may provide the opportunity for intervention with disease‐modifying therapeutics. Pending the development of widely applicable diagnostic biomarkers, use of cognitive screening instruments (CSIs) as part of clinical assessment may represent the best method for early MCI diagnosis. However, skewing of CSI test scores may jeopardise test utility. Here, Dr Larner examines various short CSIs in a secondary care setting to assess whether or not the assumption of normality is valid.

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Cognitive screening instruments for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Diagnostic test accuracy of cognitive screeners in older people

Diagnostic test accuracy of cognitive screeners in older people

Japanese Old Stories Cognitive Scale: a screening test to detect cognitive disease and prompt visiting a memory clinic

Cognitive screeners for MCI: is correction of skewed data necessary?

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