Cognitive status and development in the oldest old: a longitudinal analysis from the Heidelberg Centenarian Study

Kliegel, Matthias; Moor, Caroline; Rott, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2004.02.004

Cited by 74 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A remarkable finding in this context is that some individuals are able to maintain a relatively high level of cognitive functioning, even in very old age [3], while others are more susceptible to severe cognitive impairments. Hence, it is necessary to identify and understand the predictors of how individual differences in cognitive resources and in vulnerability to cognitive decline emerge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Leisure Activities in Middle Adulthood with Cognitive Performance in Old Age: The Moderating Role of Educational Level

Ihle¹,

Oris

Fagot

et al. 2015

Gerontology

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Background: One of the fundamental challenges for gerontological research is how to maintain and promote intact cognitive functioning in old age. Previous research revealed that high educational level, good health status, and an active lifestyle during adulthood seem to be protective against cognitive impairment in old age. However, up to now, a detailed examination of the interaction of these relations based on a broader variety of activities and considering past and current activities is missing. Objective: The present study set out to extend the literature by investigating in more detail the interactions of educational level and health status with a broad variety of past and current leisure activities in their association with cognitive functioning in a large sample of older adults with a wide age range. Methods: A total of 2,812 older adults (aged 65-101 years) served as the sample for the present study. A test on verbal abilities and one on processing speed were applied. In addition, individuals were retrospectively interviewed regarding their educational level, current general health status, and 18 leisure activities (in terms of currently performed activities and those that had been carried out at the age of 45 years). Results: Regressions indicated that engaging in more current activities and in more activities at the age of 45 years (both analyzed as an overall activity measure) was related to better cognitive performance in old age (r values up to 0.39, p values <0.001). These associations were more pronounced in individuals with a low (compared to a high) educational level. Conclusion: Present results suggest that an active lifestyle during middle adulthood may be related to better cognitive functioning in old age, particularly in individuals with a low educational level. These findings are discussed with respect to models of cognitive aging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Leisure Activities in Middle Adulthood with Cognitive Performance in Old Age: The Moderating Role of Educational Level

Ihle¹,

Oris

Fagot

et al. 2015

Gerontology

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“…Die Angaben zur Prävalenz von Demenzen bei Hundertjährigen schwanken zwischen 40% und 63% [20]. Die Heidelberger Hundertjährigen-Studie [21] und die Längsschnittstudie Dänischer Hundertjähriger [22], beides Studien mit einer Beschränkung auf Personen im Alter von exakt 100 Jahren, kommen zu nahezu identischen Resultaten: 52% der Hundertjähri-gen in Heidelberg und 51% in Dänemark wurden als zumindest mittelgradig dement eingestuft. Zwar ist diese Prävalenz-rate relativ hoch, sie bedeutet aber umgekehrt auch, dass nahezu die Hälfte aller Hundertjährigen keine mittelschwere oder schwere Demenz aufweist.…”

Section: Gesundheit Und Krankheit Im Hohen Und Höchsten Alterunclassified

“…Zwar ist diese Prävalenz-rate relativ hoch, sie bedeutet aber umgekehrt auch, dass nahezu die Hälfte aller Hundertjährigen keine mittelschwere oder schwere Demenz aufweist. In den beiden genannten Studien lag der Anteil kognitiv nicht eingeschränkter Hundertjähriger zwischen 27% und 37% [21,22].…”

Section: Gesundheit Und Krankheit Im Hohen Und Höchsten Alterunclassified

Das Leben der Hochaltrigen

Rott

Jopp

2012

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Demographic change is increasingly determined by development associated with very old age. The reduction of mortality in very old age will continue, so that an age between 80 and 100 years will become common. Present research findings suggest that, with respect to their physical resources, humans are not well equipped for a very long life. Very old individuals are characterized by a high prevalence of chronic diseases and functional limitations that endanger independent living. Centenarians are faced with these restrictions to a large extent. In contrast to increasing physical constraints, old and very old individuals' psyche seems to be rather robust. Well-being and valuation of life reveal only little decline up to the highest ages. Of particular importance are psychological strengths, which include adaptive strategies and self-referent convictions. They remain relatively stable even in very old age and seem to balance the effects of diseases, resource restrictions and loss.

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“…Interestingly, retention of teeth has been positively associated with higher cognitive functioning in the elderly [4]. Further support comes from longevity in the very elderly subjects, referred to as the centenarians, who appear to bypass dementia [5][6][7] by circumventing other conditions such as diabetes and CVD [8] supporting the potential association of multipleco-morbidities in the development of dementia.…”

Section: The Concept Of Successful Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein E Related Co-Morbidities and Alzheimer’s Disease

Singhrao

Harding

Chukkapalli

et al. 2016

JAD

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The primary goal of advancement in clinical services is to provide a health care system that enhances an individual's quality of life. Incidence of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and associated dementia coupled with the advancing age of the population, have led to an increase in the worldwide challenge to the healthcare system. In order to overcome these challenges prior knowledge of common, reliable risk factors and their effectors is essential. The oral health constitutes one such relatively unexplored but indispensable risk factor for aforementioned co-morbidities, in the form of poor oral hygiene and tooth loss during aging.Behavioural traits such as low education, smoking, poor diet, neglect of oral health, lack of exercise, and hypertension are few of the risk factors that are shared commonly amongst these conditions. In addition, common genetic susceptibility traits such as the apolipoprotein ɛ gene, together with an individual's life style can also influence the development of co-morbidities such as periodontitis, atherosclerosis/stroke, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. This review specifically addresses the susceptibility of apolipoprotein ε gene allele 4 as the plausible commonality for the etiology of co-morbidities that eventually result from periodontal diseases and ultimately progress to dementia.

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Cognitive status and development in the oldest old: a longitudinal analysis from the Heidelberg Centenarian Study

Cited by 74 publications

References 35 publications

The Association of Leisure Activities in Middle Adulthood with Cognitive Performance in Old Age: The Moderating Role of Educational Level

The Association of Leisure Activities in Middle Adulthood with Cognitive Performance in Old Age: The Moderating Role of Educational Level

Das Leben der Hochaltrigen

Apolipoprotein E Related Co-Morbidities and Alzheimer’s Disease

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