Cognitive Structure of Executive Deficits in Frontally Lesioned Head Trauma Patients Performing Activities of Daily Living

Fortin, Sandra; Godbout, Lucie; Braun, Claude M. J.

doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70109-6

Cited by 144 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The finding from the performance data that EVET taps executive resources is in line with previous research from the neuropsychology literature, which shows that patients with executive dysfunction have multitasking difficulties both in everyday life and during laboratory tests (Alderman et al, 2003;Burgess et al, 2000;Crépeau, Belleville, Duchesne, 1996;Fortin, Godbout & Braun, 2003;Goldstein, Bernard, Fenwick, Burgess, & McNeil, 1993;Knight et al, 2002;Law et al, 2004;Levine, Stuss, Milberg, Alexander, Schwartz & MacDonald, 1998;Levine, Dawson, Boutet, Schwartz & Stuss, 2000;McGeorge et al, 2001;Rand et al, 2009;Shallice & Burgess, 1991). The present results are also broadly compatible with the findings of Law et al (2006), who also demonstrated some conflict between random generation and virtual errands performance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The impact of working memory load on task execution and online plan adjustment during multitasking in a virtual environment

Law

Trawley

Brown

et al. 2013

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Three experiments investigated the impact of working memory load on on-line plan adjustment during a test of multitasking in young, non-expert, adult participants. Multitasking was assessed using the Edinburgh Virtual Errands Test (EVET -Logie, . Participants were asked to memorise either good or poor plans for performing multiple errands, and were assessed both on task completion and the extent to which they modified their plans during EVET performance. EVET was performed twice, with and without a secondary task loading a component of working memory. In Experiment 1 articulatory suppression was used to load the phonological loop.In Experiment 2, oral random generation was used to load executive functions. In Experiment 3, spatial working memory was loaded with an auditory spatial localisation task. EVET performance for both good and poor planning groups was disrupted by random generation and sound localisation, but not by articulatory suppression. Additionally, people given a poor plan were able to overcome this initial disadvantage by modifying their plans on-line. It was concluded that, in addition to executive functions, multiple errands performance draws heavily on spatial, but not verbal, working memory resources but can be successfully completed on the basis of modifying plans on-line, despite a secondary task load.3 Acknowledgements

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The impact of working memory load on task execution and online plan adjustment during multitasking in a virtual environment

Law

Trawley

Brown

et al. 2013

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…In this perspective, the increase in impulsivity observed on the urgency, lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance dimensions in patients with TBI is congruent with the inhibition of pre-potent responses , sustained attention , decision-making processes (Levine et al, 2005), planning (Fortin, Godbout, & Braun, 2003) and working memory (e.g., VallatAzouvi, Weber, Legrand, & Azouvi, 2007) deficits observed after TBI. In the same vein, a recent study highlighted that poor multitasking performances had been specifically related to the occurrence of externalising behaviours in a sample of patients with TBI (Rochat, Ammann, Mayer, Annoni, & Van der Linden, 2009), suggesting that it might be particularly relevant to consider specific executive processes to better understand neurobehavioural disorders after TBI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Assessment of impulsivity after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Rochat

Beni

Billieux

et al. 2010

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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The aim of the study was to develop and validate a short questionnaire assessing four dimensions of impulsivity (urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). To this end, 82 patients with TBI and their caregivers completed a short questionnaire adapted from the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale designed to assess impulsivity changes after TBI. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) performed on the version of the scale completed by the relatives revealed that a hierarchical model holding that lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance are facets of a higher order construct (lack of conscientiousness), with urgency and sensation seeking as separate correlated factors, fit the data best. Urgency, lack of premeditation, and lack of perseverance increased after the TBI, whereas sensation seeking decreased. CFA failed to reveal a satisfactory model in the version of the scale completed by the patients. The psychological processes related to these impulsivity changes and the discrepancy observed between self-report and informant-report are discussed. This short questionnaire opens up interesting prospects for better comprehension and assessment of behavioural symptoms of TBI.

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“…Research on the concept of episodic planning has a long history in cognitive psychology and neuropsychology (65). One notable aspect of this literature is that planning tasks vary considerably in terms of how well they approximate real-life planning, ranging from tasks that are completely removed from everyday experience (e.g., Tower of London) (68) to tasks that mimic episodic planning in the laboratory (e.g., Six Elements Task) (69) to tasks that involve carrying out episodic plans in real-world settings (e.g., planning and preparing a meal) (70). Much of the research on planning has been conducted in the context of frontal lobe dysfunction.…”

Section: Varieties Of Future Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A taxonomy of prospection: Introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition

Szpunar

Spreng

Schacter

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

430

324

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Prospection-the ability to represent what might happen in the future-is a broad concept that has been used to characterize a wide variety of future-oriented cognitions, including affective forecasting, prospective memory, temporal discounting, episodic simulation, and autobiographical planning. In this article, we propose a taxonomy of prospection to initiate the important and necessary process of teasing apart the various forms of future thinking that constitute the landscape of prospective cognition. The organizational framework that we propose delineates episodic and semantic forms of four modes of future thinking: simulation, prediction, intention, and planning. We show how this framework can be used to draw attention to the ways in which various modes of future thinking interact with one another, generate new questions about prospective cognition, and illuminate our understanding of disorders of future thinking. We conclude by considering basic cognitive processes that give rise to prospective cognitions, cognitive operations and emotional/motivational states relevant to future-oriented cognition, and the possible role of procedural or motor systems in future-oriented behavior.prospection | simulation | prediction | intention | planning

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Cognitive Structure of Executive Deficits in Frontally Lesioned Head Trauma Patients Performing Activities of Daily Living

Cited by 144 publications

References 59 publications

The impact of working memory load on task execution and online plan adjustment during multitasking in a virtual environment

The impact of working memory load on task execution and online plan adjustment during multitasking in a virtual environment

Assessment of impulsivity after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

A taxonomy of prospection: Introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition

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