Cognitive Therapy Applied to Personality Disorders

Freeman, Arthur; Leaf, Russell C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-9779-4_21

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We believe our findings have implications for the development of treatment and prevention programs aimed at mitigating suicide risk in older adult primary care patients. According to cognitive theory, the overt expression of traits is a manifestation of underlying schema-which are modifiable (Freeman, Davis, & Beck, 2004). There is some evidence that traits may continue to develop and change throughout the life span (McCrae et al, 2000;Mroczek & Spiro, 2003) and can both influence and be influenced by contextual factors (Caspi, Roberts, & Shiner, 2005;Helson, Jones, & Kwan, 2002;Helson & Kwan, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive affect and suicide ideation in older adult primary care patients.

Hirsch

Duberstein

Chapman

et al. 2007

Psychology and Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Suicide is a significant public health problem for older adults. Identification of protective factors associated with reduced risk is important. The authors examined the association of positive affect and suicide ideation in 462 primary care patients ages 65 and older. Positive affect distinguished suicide ideators from nonideators, after controlling for age, gender, depression, negative affect, illness burden, activity, sociability, cognitive functioning, and physical functioning. There was a trend toward age moderation of this relationship. Clinical and theoretical formulations of late-life suicide should consider the role of positive affect, including the possibility that its protective effects grow more pronounced with age. Keywords positive affect; suicide ideation; primary care; older adults Depression and suicide are significant public health problems for adults ages 65 and older (Alexopoulos, 2005;, who constitute 13% of the general population of the United States but account for 18% of all suicide deaths (National Center for Health Statistics, 2004). Mental disorders, particularly depression, amplify risk for suicide ideation (Bartels et al., 2002;Kuo, Gallo, & Eaton, 2004) and suicide (Beautrais, 2002;Conwell et al., 2000;Harwood, Hawton, Hope, & Jacoby, 2001;Tsoh et al., 2005;Waern et al., 2002) in older adults. Most treatments designed to reduce suicide risk understandably emphasize reduction of negative affect (Dieserud, Roysamb, Ekeberg, & Kraft, 2001;Schotte & Clum, 1987;Szanto et al., 2001;Townsend et al., 2001) Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript hopelessness-a potent risk factor for suicide (Brown, Beck, Steer, & Grisham, 2000) and correlate of suicide ideation (Uncapher, Gallagher-Thompson, Osgood, & Bongar, 1998)-is driven more by low levels of positive affect than by high levels of negative affect (Duberstein, Conner, Conwell, & Cox, 2001;Young et al., 1996). In this article, we examine the relative contributions of positive and negative affect to suicide ideation in older primary care patients.Trait positive affect may psychologically energize older adults, helping them envision a positive future and bear, if not thrive, in the context of aging's chronic strains such as caregiving, bereavement, illness, and functional impairment (Hirsch et al., 2007;Pressman & Cohen, 2005;Stewart, Craig, MacPherson, & Alexander, 2001;Zautra, Maxwell, & Reich, 1989). The strength of the inverse relationship between positive affect and suicide ideation may also increase across the life span. Older individuals are more likely than younger adults to focus on and monitor internal cognitive and emotional states, leading to better intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning and general coping (Labouvie-Vief, Devoe, & Bulka, 1989). As adults age, they may become "cognitively liberated," less rigid and stereotypical in their thinking, more adaptive and flexible in their coping abilities, and more tolerant of conflict within the self and with others (Carstensen, Fung, & Char...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive affect and suicide ideation in older adult primary care patients.

Hirsch

Duberstein

Chapman

et al. 2007

Psychology and Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Freeman and Leaf (1989) describe schizoid individuals as seeming "to have little or no idea about why people affiliate. They see other people involved in relationships but see relating as part of a different language, culture, or universe" (p. 419).…”

Section: The Evolutionary Function Of the Human Affectional Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Warmth as a Developmental Construct: An Evolutionary Analysis

MacDonald¹

1992

Child Development

283

190

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Clients with compulsive traits may feel threatened in a therapeutic situation, being asked to let down defenses that have protected them in the past and face the stresses that they have so successfully avoided. Freeman (1987) and Freeman and Leaf (1989) refer to clients who learn to restrict their lives to adjust to their weaknesses as the "briar patch syndrome", from Harris's stories about Br'er Rabbit. Although one might suffer a thorn or two, this pattern provided protection from harm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of client personality on dominance and affiliation during early sessions of rational-emotive psychotherapy

Dempsey

Lamon

Sunderland

et al. 1994

J Rational-Emot Cognitive-Behav Ther

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is a study of effects of client personality on interpersonal presentation during early Rational-Emotive therapy (RET). Independent variables were intake scores for clients from the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI;Millon, 1983). Dependent variables, from audiotapes of sessions at the Institute for RET (IRET), were Revised Interpersonal AdjecThe order of authorship was determined by mutual agreement, based on the number of hours each author committed to the project. Dempsey's thesis, based on his work, was submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Henry Rutgers Scholars honors at Rutgers College.

show abstract

Cognitive Therapy Applied to Personality Disorders

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

Positive affect and suicide ideation in older adult primary care patients.

Positive affect and suicide ideation in older adult primary care patients.

Warmth as a Developmental Construct: An Evolutionary Analysis

Effects of client personality on dominance and affiliation during early sessions of rational-emotive psychotherapy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About