“…Surprisingly, only a handful of RCTs, comparing an active psychological intervention with that of a control condition, have examined mediators of treatment outcome in the context of CLBP, 8 , 29 , 40 , 41 with only 2 based specifically on the FAM. 22 , 39 However, results indicate that changes in key components of the FAM, including pain catastrophizing 8 , 22 , 40 , 41 and fear of movement, 29 , 39 are important for reducing disability. Support has also been found for the mediating role of pain self-efficacy, 8 , 39 a concept stemming from social learning theories, 2 which postulates that the degree of confidence a person has in conducting normal activities and tasks, despite experiencing pain, is essential for reducing disability with CLBP.…”