Cognitive therapy versus systematic desensitization: Is one treatment superior?

Berman, Jeffrey S.; Miller, R. Christopher; Massman, Paul J.

doi:10.1037/0033-2909.97.3.451

Cited by 103 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The related fi nding that researchers' therapeutic allegiance has a signifi cant effect on the outcome of studies examining the effi cacy of different types of therapy has been well documented across a range of diagnoses (e.g., Berman, Miller, & Massman, 1985;Robinson, Berman, & Neimeyer, 1990), with Luborsky et al (1999) suggesting that the correlation between the researchers' therapeutic allegiance and the results of comparative outcome studies may in fact be as high as 0.85. While this might surprise those who view science as merely an objective accumulation of facts, it would come as no surprise to social psychologists who long ago argued that social infl uence processes make such biases an inherent part of all human activity, scientifi c activity included (Farr, 1976).…”

Section: Objective Science Versus Science As Discoursementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a research level, Berman et al (1985) showed over 20 years ago that this effect has the potential to bias meta-analytic reviews of the literature and, as a result, researcher allegiance needs to be partialled out in meta-analyses in order to control for the effect this may have on the differential outcome of different therapies. At a clinical level this fi nding implies that an EST is likely to be less effective if it is administered by a therapist who is not convinced of the value of that therapy than if it is administered by one who is.…”

Section: What Have We Learned? the Dodo Bird Verdict As Importantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Dodo Bird Verdict—controversial, inevitable and important: a commentary on 30 years of meta‐analyses

Budd¹,

Hughes²

2009

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

133

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In this article, the assertion that different psychological therapies are of broadly similar efficacy-often called the 'Dodo Bird Verdict'-is contrasted with the alternative view that there are specific therapies that are more effective than others for particular diagnoses. We note that, despite thirty years of meta-analytic reviews tending to support the finding of therapy equivalence, this view is still controversial and has not been accepted by many within the psychological therapy community; we explore this from a theory of science perspective. It is further argued that the equivalence of ostensibly different therapies is an inevitable consequence of the methodology that has dominated this field of investigation; namely, randomised controlled trials [RCTs]. The implicit assumptions of RCTs are analysed and it is argued that what we know about psychological therapy indicates that it is not appropriate to treat 'type of therapy' and 'diagnosis' as if they were independent variables in an experimental design. It is noted that one logical consequence of this is that we would not expect RCTs to be capable of isolating effects that are specific to 'type of therapy' and 'diagnosis'. Rather, RCTs would only be expected to be capable of identifying the non-specific effects of covariates, such as those of therapist allegiance. It is further suggested that those non-specific effects that have been identified via meta-analysis are not trivial findings, but rather characterise important features of psychological therapy.

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Section: Objective Science Versus Science As Discoursementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: What Have We Learned? the Dodo Bird Verdict As Importantmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dodo Bird Verdict—controversial, inevitable and important: a commentary on 30 years of meta‐analyses

Budd¹,

Hughes²

2009

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(1990) vinden dat de effecten van een interventie die in een studie gevonden worden, mede bepaald worden door de voorkeur van de onderzoekers voor een van de onderzochte interventies (zie ook Berman, Miller & Massman, 1985 Robinson e.a. vinden na een eerste analyse dat psychotherapie meer effecten heeft dan farmacotherapie.…”

Section: Vergelijking Met Farmacotherapieunclassified

De effecten van psychologische behandeling van depressies. Een overzicht van meta–analyses

Cuijpers¹

1996

PSIE

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De effecten van psychotherapie bij unipolaire depressies zijn in tal van studies onderzocht. Tot op heden zijn negen meta-analyses van de effecten van psychotherapie bij depressies uitgevoerd. Uit deze analyses blijkt dat de effecten van deze behandelvormen redelijk groot zijn. Wel blijven patie¨nten na behandeling gemiddeld iets depressiever dan de algemene bevolking. Psychotherapie is ongeveer even effectief als farmacologische behandeling. Er is geen verschil in effectiviteit tussen de verschillende soorten (kortdurende) psychotherapiee¨n. Op korte termijn blijven de effecten min of meer stabiel. Er is geen verschil in effecten tussen individuele en groepstherapie.

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“…In the eighties however, there were also studies which arrived at different conclusions (Shapiro & Shapiro, 1982;Miller & Berman, 1983;Berman et al 1985 ;Robinson et al 1990 ;MynorsWallis et al 1995 ;Scott et al 1997). Frank & Kupfer (1985) were among the first to question explicitly the prevailing consensus that ' longer ' also meant 'better'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose–effect relations in time-limited combined psycho-pharmacological treatment for depression

et al. 2005

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Cognitive therapy versus systematic desensitization: Is one treatment superior?

Cited by 103 publications

References 45 publications

The Dodo Bird Verdict—controversial, inevitable and important: a commentary on 30 years of meta‐analyses

The Dodo Bird Verdict—controversial, inevitable and important: a commentary on 30 years of meta‐analyses

De effecten van psychologische behandeling van depressies. Een overzicht van meta–analyses

Dose–effect relations in time-limited combined psycho-pharmacological treatment for depression

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