2007
DOI: 10.1063/1.2800887
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Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering polarized microscopy of three-dimensional director structures in liquid crystals

Abstract: We demonstrate three-dimensional vibrational imaging of director structures in liquid crystals using coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) polarized microscopy. Spatial mapping of the structures is based on sensitivity of a polarized CARS signal to orientation of anisotropic molecules in liquid crystals. As an example, we study structures in a smectic material and demonstrate that single-scan CARS and two-photon fluorescence images of molecular orientation patterns are consistent with each other and wit… Show more

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Cited by 61 publications
(60 citation statements)
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“…With improved signal-to-noise ratio and a more robust optical model, a fully 3D director profile reconstruction will be possible. Comparing ONT with other imaging techniques such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering 20,21 and fluorescence confocal polarizing microscopy 22,23 , ONT's strength lies in its ultrahigh resolution within ∼500 nm of the surface, the non-necessity of doping the sample with a dye and the ability to study high-birefringence materials. Of course, ONT has two potential drawbacks: it requires a free upper surface and the fibre can be invasive, depending on the material being studied.…”
Section: Lettersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With improved signal-to-noise ratio and a more robust optical model, a fully 3D director profile reconstruction will be possible. Comparing ONT with other imaging techniques such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering 20,21 and fluorescence confocal polarizing microscopy 22,23 , ONT's strength lies in its ultrahigh resolution within ∼500 nm of the surface, the non-necessity of doping the sample with a dye and the ability to study high-birefringence materials. Of course, ONT has two potential drawbacks: it requires a free upper surface and the fibre can be invasive, depending on the material being studied.…”
Section: Lettersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The crude 2-nitro terephthaloyl dichloride was obtained as an orange oil and used in the next step without further purification. 2-Nitro, 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-bis(4-carboxyphenyl) ester (2). A total of 3.45 g 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (25 mmol) was gradually dissolved into 2.8 g KOH (50 mmol) aqueous solution (100 mL), and the solution was cooled in an ice water bath.…”
Section: -Nitro Terephthaloyl Dichloride(1)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The manipulation of these nanometer-size molecules into coherent, centimeter-scale structures is now routine. Although we have become adept at deducing textures indirectly through optical microscopies (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), probing the molecular-scale organization requires either a glassy material or rapid cooling of samples, providing metastable states that can be directly visualized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) (6)(7)(8). Although these techniques are effective to study a variety of more complex LC phases, including smectic LCs (6,7,9), cholesteric and blue phases (10), and biological LC polymers (11,12), nonglassy, low molecular weight nematic LCs (NLCs) reorient during fast freezing.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Linear polarization of the laser beam was controlled by rotating a λ/2-wave plate. LCE particles were also studied using broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering polarizing microscopy (CARS-PM) [30,31] via probing the polarized CARS-PM signals from the aromatic C=C stretching within 1400-1600 cm -1 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%