Coherent Coupling of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays

Siriani, Dominic F.; Choquette, Kent D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391066-0.00006-x

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Coherent optically-coupled semiconductor laser arrays have been studied experimentally and theoretically for more than four decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Coupled mode theory has been successful in describing the optical coupled modes and the mutual coherence in coupled laser arrays [9][10][11][12][13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate equation analysis and non-Hermiticity in coupled semiconductor laser arrays

Gao

Johnson

Choquette

2018

Journal of Applied Physics

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Optically-coupled semiconductor laser arrays are described by coupled rate equations. The coupled mode equations and carrier densities are included in the analysis, which inherently incorporate the carrier-induced nonlinearities including spatial hole burning and amplitude-phase coupling. We solve the steady-state coupled rate equations and consider the cavity frequency detuning and the individual laser pump rates as the experimentally controlled variables. We show that the carrier-induced nonlinearities play a critical role in the mode control, and we identify gain contrast induced by cavity frequency detuning as a unique mechanism for mode control. Photon-mediated energy transfer between cavities is also discussed. Parity-time symmetry and exceptional points in this system are studied. Unbroken parity-time symmetry can be achieved by judiciously combining cavity detuning and unequal pump rates, while broken symmetry lies on the boundary of the optical locking region. Exceptional points are identified at the intersection between broken and unbroken parity-time symmetry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate equation analysis and non-Hermiticity in coupled semiconductor laser arrays

Gao

Johnson

Choquette

2018

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Plugging ( 12) in (10), by evaluating the terms of the second derivative and simplifying the homogeneous solution for (11), assuming (14) and writing the expression of the polarization vector as a function of the electrical susceptibility χ yields:…”

Section: Appendix a Derivation Of A Multimode Rate Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By properly designing such resonators, it is possible to achieve a huge broadening of the intensity modulation (IM) bandwidth. Several TCC-VCSEL concepts have been presented in the literature over the last ten years, ranging from bowtie devices from the group of prof. Koyama [13], to the vertically-coupled and photonic-crystal VCSELs from the group of prof. Choquette [14], [15], to the very recent daisy-like VCSELs from Optelligence [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse Coupled Cavity VCSELs: Bridging Ultrabroadband Dynamics to Optical Supermodes

D'Alessandro,

Torrelli,

Bertazzi

et al. 2024

IEEE Photonics J.

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In this work we investigate the ultrabroadband dynamics of transverse coupled cavity VCSELs. This study is based on a multimode rate equation model, whose parameters are directly provided by a full-wave vectorial electromagnetic solver. This approach sets a step towards the comprehensive physicsbased modeling of transverse-coupled cavity VCSELs, providing a relation between the features of the optical supermodes and the enhancements of the intensity modulation response. The approach emphasizes how the bandwidth enhancement, ascribable to a photon-photon resonance picture, can be triggered by forcing asymmetries in the bias and modulation contacting scheme of the device, and the importance of collecting the fields from each single cavity, providing an interpretation of recent experimental observations and paving the way towards more systematic design strategies.

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“…OHERENTLY-coupled phased laser diode arrays have been previously explored for generation of diffraction limited and/or high brightness beams [1]. Opticallycoupled vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays [2] have shown mode engineering [3], electronic beam-steering [4], increased modulation bandwidth [5], and enhanced digital data rate [6]. When coherently coupled, a pair of VCSELs can operate in a single coherent supermode which extends into both cavities and can be classified as the out-of-phase (far-field null on axis) or in-phase (far-field maximum on axis) array supermode, respectively [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supermode Switching in Coherently-Coupled Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Diode Arrays

Jahan

North

Strzebonski

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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We report and analyze the supermode switching with current injection found for coherently-coupled dual-element vertical cavity surface emitting laser arrays. The output power, spectral characteristics, and far-field mode profile are measured for a range of bias current operating conditions. The couplinginduced enhanced output power from an in-phase or out-of-phase supermode is confirmed when approximately equal currents are injected into each array element. We observe that the coherent supermode switches from out-of-phase to in-phase supermode with increasing equal current injection. The switching is found to be consistent with coupled mode theory and a 1-dimensional spatial supermode model. The calculated modal gain of the out-ofphase and in-phase array supermodes are consistent with the observed switching of the coherent supermodes.

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Coherent Coupling of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Arrays

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Rate equation analysis and non-Hermiticity in coupled semiconductor laser arrays

Rate equation analysis and non-Hermiticity in coupled semiconductor laser arrays

Transverse Coupled Cavity VCSELs: Bridging Ultrabroadband Dynamics to Optical Supermodes

Supermode Switching in Coherently-Coupled Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Diode Arrays

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