Abstract:We present a joint experimental-theoretical study of the coupling of coherent phonons in bulk GaAs with a nonequilibrium electron-hole plasma following photoexcitation at the E 1 gap by ultrafast laser pulses. In contrast to prior coherent phonon experiments where photoexcitation across the E 0 gap generated electrons in the Γ valley, for the E 1 gap excitation, the majority of the electrons are generated in the satellite L valleys. This leads to a drastically different situation from the previous studies where the damping of electrons is faster due to the higher scattering rates in the L valley and in addition, the diffusion of carriers has a significant effect on the plasma response due to the shorter optical absorption depth of the pump-probe light. Reflectivity measurements show coherent phonon-plasmon oscillations, whose frequencies are indicative of the heavy damping, which leads to coupled-mode frequencies that lie between the transverse and longitudinal optical phonon frequencies and change with time due to the diffusion of the plasma. We analyze the experimental data with a theoretical model that describes the time and densitydependent coupling of the coherent phonon and the electron-hole plasma as the photoexcited carriers diffuse into the sample on a sub-picosecond time scale. The calculated phonon-plasmon dynamics qualitatively reproduce the experimentally observed time-dependent frequency.