Coherent Polariton Laser

Kim, Seonghoon; Zhang, Bo; Wang, Zhaorong; Fischer, Julian; Brodbeck, Sebastian; Kamp, M.; Schneider, Christian; Höfling, Sven; Deng, Hui

doi:10.1103/physrevx.6.011026

Cited by 79 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This g (2) (0) plateau value decreases with tightened optical confinement, reflecting the enhancement of coherence in such structures. When confinement is sufficiently tight to support single-mode condensation, we observe a characterisitc drop of g (2) (0) towards unity with increasing population [23,28]. Our results are supported by a stochastic quantum trajectory approach which provides insight into the interplay between state occupation, particle fluctuations, and photon coherence.…”

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confidence: 67%

Evolution of Temporal Coherence in Confined Exciton-Polariton Condensates

et al. 2018

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We study the influence of spatial confinement on the second-order temporal coherence of the emission from a semiconductor microcavity in the strong coupling regime. The confinement, provided by etched micropillars, has a favorable impact on the temporal coherence of solid state quasicondensates that evolve in our device above threshold. By fitting the experimental data with a microscopic quantum theory based on a quantum jump approach, we scrutinize the influence of pump power and confinement and find that phonon-mediated transitions are enhanced in the case of a confined structure, in which the modes split into a discrete set. By increasing the pump power beyond the condensation threshold, temporal coherence significantly improves in devices with increased spatial confinement, as revealed in the transition from thermal to coherent statistics of the emitted light.

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confidence: 67%

Evolution of Temporal Coherence in Confined Exciton-Polariton Condensates

et al. 2018

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“…However, differently from their atomic counterpart, these condensates suffer from dephasing and density fluctuations induced by the interactions with the exciton reservoir, effectively resulting in multimode condensates [19][20][21]. The exciton reservoir also acts as a trapping mechanism, if the polariton lifetime is too short, confining the condensation process within the region of the excitation spot [22][23][24][25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4(b). The low density of the extended condensate dwindles the effects of polariton-polariton interaction, reducing the intrinsic dephasing of the condensate [21] and making this configuration appealing both for applications and for future investigations on phase transition dynamics in polariton systems. In Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Macroscopic Two-Dimensional Polariton Condensates

Ballarini¹,

Caputo

Muñoz

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We report a record-size polariton condensate of a fraction of a millimeter. This macroscopically occupied state of macrosopic size is not constrained to the excitation spot and is free from the usual complications brought by high-energy reservoir excitons, which strongly alter the physics of polaritons, including their mobility, energy distribution and particle interactions. The density of this trap-free condensate is lower than 1 polariton/µm 2 , reducing the phase noise induced by the interaction energy. Experimental findings are backed up by numerical simulations using a hydrodynamic model which takes into account both the polariton expansion and the phonon-assisted relaxation towards the lowest energy state. These results propel polariton condensates at the fundamental level set by their cold-atomic counterparts by getting rid of several solid-state difficulties, while still retaining their unique driven/dissipative features.PACS numbers: 71.36.+c, 63.20.Ls, 67.25.dg, 42.50.Ct Under suitable conditions, light-matter interaction can be strong enough to drive the coherent exchange of energy between photonic and electronic modes [1]. This is the paradigm of microcavity exciton-polaritons: quasiparticles created by the strong coupling between the photonic mode of a microcavity and the excitonic transition of semiconductor quantum wells [2]. Polaritons manifest their composite nature with a combination of photonic and excitonic properties [3]. Thanks to their photonic component, polaritons can ballistically propagate in the plane of the microcavity with velocities up to a few percent of the speed of light [4]. On the other hand, the exciton component results in strong optical nonlinearities and induces an energy renormalization of the polariton dispersion at high densities [5]. This energy shift can be much larger than the linewidth and is at the foundation of most polaritonic effects and applications [6][7][8]. As bosonic quasiparticles, polaritons experiment final-state stimulated scattering, which results, above a density threshold, in a laser-like emission without population inversion, a collective phenomenon that is explained in the framework of Bose-Einstein condensation [9][10][11]. A unique feature of polariton condensates is their driven/dissipative nature, in which the steady state is reached through a dynamical balance of pumping and dissipation.Polariton condensate have been experimentally observed in different materials, both inorganic [12][13][14][15] and organic semiconductors [16,17], and thanks to their light mass, condensation is achieved also at room temperature [18]. However, differently from their atomic counterpart, these condensates suffer from dephasing and density fluctuations induced by the interactions with the exciton reservoir, effectively resulting in multimode condensates [19][20][21]. The exciton reservoir also acts as a trapping mechanism, if the polariton lifetime is too short, confining the condensation process within the region of the excitation spot [22][23][24][25]. Moreov...

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“…A wide variety of nonlinear effects have also been demonstrated [29,30], including Bose-Einstein condensation [31,32] and superfluidity [33,34]. In these systems, direct excitons inside individual quantum wells are coupled to an optical mode and impart the effect of their Coulomb interaction as an effective Kerr nonlinearity on the resulting polariton modes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Interactive optomechanical coupling with nonlinear polaritonic systems

et al. 2017

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We study a system of interacting matter quasiparticles strongly coupled to photons inside an optomechanical cavity. The resulting normal modes of the system are represented by hybrid polaritonic quasiparticles, which acquire effective nonlinearity. Its strength is influenced by the presence of a mechanical mode and depends on the resonance frequency of the cavity. This leads to an interactive type of optomechanical coupling, which is distinct from previously studied dispersive and dissipative couplings in optomechanical systems. The emergent interactive coupling is shown to generate effective optical nonlinearity terms of high order, which are quartic in the polariton number. We consider particular systems of exciton polaritons and dipolaritons, and show that the induced effective optical nonlinearity due to interactive coupling can exceed in magnitude the strength of Kerr nonlinear terms, such as those arising from polariton-polariton interactions. As applications, we show that the higher-order terms give rise to localized bright flattop solitons, which may form spontaneously in polariton condensates.

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Coherent Polariton Laser

Cited by 79 publications

References 47 publications

Evolution of Temporal Coherence in Confined Exciton-Polariton Condensates

Evolution of Temporal Coherence in Confined Exciton-Polariton Condensates

Macroscopic Two-Dimensional Polariton Condensates

Interactive optomechanical coupling with nonlinear polaritonic systems

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