Coherent Quantum Electrodynamics in Living Matter

Giudice, E. Del; Ninno, A. De; Fleischmann, M.; Mengoli, G.; Milani, M.; Talpo, G.; Vitiello, Giuseppe

doi:10.1080/15368370500379574

Cited by 68 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because chemical reaction rates vary exponentially with the energy in the lowest mode, these effects can produce dramatic changes compared with scenarios in which the input energy gets randomly distributed. Although one possible example of weak condensation has been detailed by Pokorný (14,15), many other possibilities associated arising from the interaction of radiation with biological system also exist (9,11,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). The possible role of Fröhlich condensation in chemical kinetics remains largely unexplored, however.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 depicting strong Fröhlich condensates in the wide-band low-frequency limit ( 1 / 0 ϭ 0.12, ប 0 /kT ϭ 1/15), the narrow-band low-frequency limit ( 1 / 0 ϭ 0.76, ប 0 /kT ϭ 1/15), and the narrow-band high-frequency limit ( 1 / 0 ϭ 0.94, ប 0 /kT ϭ 1.46). The low-temperature simulations pertain to the extensive studies of Pokorný (14,15) on the possibility of Fröhlich condensation in the MHz region and to studies of the effects of GHZ and THz radiation in biology (9,11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), whereas the high-temperature simulations pertain directly to the extensive studies of Mesquita et al (12,13) on the possibility of Fröhlich condensation in protein amide-I vibrations. Together, these provide a rough guide to the dynamics of strong condensates over the whole parameter space of the Wu-Austin model.…”

Section: Coherent Motion Within Strong Frö Hlich Condensatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of claims of observation of Fröhlich condensates in biological environments have indeed involved observed minor enhancements to black-body radiation levels or unexpected dependences of some process to microwave or terahertz radiation (9,11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). In the most developed of these hypotheses, Pokorný (14) has documented enhancements of a factor of Ϸ5 in the radiation at 8.085 MHz in microtubules and estimated values for key parameters (14, 15) that we express using Fröhli-ch's notation as s/k ϭ 100 Ks Ϫ1 and /k ϭ 20 Ks Ϫ1 so that s/ ϭ 5.…”

Section: Coherent Motion Within Strong Frö Hlich Condensatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, this Fröhlich condensate has nearly all of its vibrational energy concentrated in just one of its collective motions, the motion of lowest frequency. Such a condensation would have a profound influence on the dynamical properties of the system, and there has been considerable interest in finding applications in physics (4,5), biology (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), and medicine (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Indeed, other phenomena that give rise to similar collective properties of a system such as lasing, superconductivity, and Bose-Einstein condensation are of great importance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A range of other experimental detections of some of the key signatures of Fröhlich condensates have also been reported (5,11,(17)(18)(19)(20) or predicted (12,13). Pokorný's work concerns the interaction of MHz radio-frequency radiation with biological systems, and many other suggested occurrences of Fröhlich condensates also involve either adverse or medicinal effects of microwave or terahertz radiation (9,11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Weak, strong, and coherent regimes of Fröhlich condensation and their applications to terahertz medicine and quantum consciousness

Reimers¹,

McKemmish²,

McKenzie³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1968, Frö hlich showed that a driven set of oscillators can condense with nearly all of the supplied energy activating the vibrational mode of lowest frequency. This is a remarkable property usually compared with Bose-Einstein condensation, superconductivity, lasing, and other unique phenomena involving macroscopic quantum coherence. However, despite intense research, no unambiguous example has been documented. We determine the most likely experimental signatures of Frö hlich condensation and show that they are significant features remote from the extraordinary properties normally envisaged. Frö hlich condensates are classified into 3 types: weak condensates in which profound effects on chemical kinetics are possible, strong condensates in which an extremely large amount of energy is channeled into 1 vibrational mode, and coherent condensates in which this energy is placed in a single quantum state. Coherent condensates are shown to involve extremely large energies, to not be produced by the Wu-Austin dynamical Hamiltonian that provides the simplest depiction of Frö hlich condensates formed using mechanically supplied energy, and to be extremely fragile. They are inaccessible in a biological environment. Hence the Penrose-Hameroff orchestrated objective-reduction model and related theories for cognitive function that embody coherent Frö hlich condensation as an essential element are untenable. Weak condensates, however, may have profound effects on chemical and enzyme kinetics, and may be produced from biochemical energy or from radio frequency, microwave, or terahertz radiation. Pokorný 's observed 8.085-MHz microtubulin resonance is identified as a possible candidate, with microwave reactors (green chemistry) and terahertz medicine appearing as other feasible sources.cognitive function ͉ coherence ͉ microwave reactor ͉ orchestrated objective reduction I n 1968, Fröhlich showed how a driven collection of vibrational oscillators could achieve a highly ordered nonequilibrium state that has some properties reminiscent of Bose-Einstein condensation (1-3). Specifically, this Fröhlich condensate has nearly all of its vibrational energy concentrated in just one of its collective motions, the motion of lowest frequency. Such a condensation would have a profound influence on the dynamical properties of the system, and there has been considerable interest in finding applications in physics (4, 5), biology (6-20), and medicine (21-26). Indeed, other phenomena that give rise to similar collective properties of a system such as lasing, superconductivity, and Bose-Einstein condensation are of great importance.Fröhlich condensation has even been postulated to play a central role in cognitive function within the Penrose-Hameroff orchestrated objective reduction (Orch OR) (27, 28) and related (29, 30) proposals. These controversial (31) proposals evoke Fröhlich condensation to maintain coherent quantum dynamics within microtubules inside cells on a physiologically relevant time scale (at least microseconds), enabling them to...

show abstract