Cohort Profile: São Paulo Western Region Birth Cohort (ROC)

Brentani, Alexandra; Ferrer, Ana Paula Scoleze; Brentani, Helena; Liu, Cindy H.; Grisi, Sandra Josefina Ferraz Ellero; Valente, Maria Helena; Gomes, Filumena Maria da Silva; Escobar, Ana Maria de Ulhôa; Fink, Günther

doi:10.1093/ije/dyaa129

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Data on child development was collected through the São Paulo Western Region Birth Cohort (SP-ROC) [28]. The SP-ROC cohort was set up as a longitudinal study to assess the impact of social and environmental factors on child development.…”

Section: Study Population and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the association between air pollution and child development in São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2022

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Background Outdoor air pollution is increasingly recognised as a key threat to population health globally, with particularly high risks for urban residents. In this study, we assessed the association between residential nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and children’s cognitive and behavioural development using data from São Paulo Brazil, one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world. Methods We used data from the São Paulo Western Region Birth Cohort, a longitudinal cohort study aiming to examine determinants as well as long-term implications of early childhood development. Cross-sectional data from the 72-month follow-up was analysed. Data on NO2 concentration in the study area was collected at 80 locations in 2019, and land use regression modelling was used to estimate annual NO2 concentration at children’s homes. Associations between predicted NO2 exposure and children’s cognitive development as well as children’s behavioural problems were estimated using linear regression models adjusted for an extensive set of confounders. All results were expressed per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2. Results 1143 children were included in the analysis. We found no association between NO2 and children’s cognitive development (beta -0.05, 95% CI [-0.20; 0.10]) or behavioural problems (beta 0.02, 95% CI [-0.80; 0.12]). Conclusion No association between child cognition or child behaviour and NO2 was found in this cross-sectional analysis. Further research will be necessary to understand the extent to which these null results reflect a true absence of association or other statistical, biological or adaptive factors not addressed in this paper.

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Section: Study Population and Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the association between air pollution and child development in São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2022

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“…The cohort is still active, with children currently under the 72 months follow-up. A full description of the cohort can be found elsewhere [45].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The questionnaire was applied after maternal consent or a parent if the mother was too young to consent. The questionnaire can be found in Supplementary le 1, and the rates of interview and process can be found in the cohort pro le [45].…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons for not completing the postpartum questionnaire vary from being too young to consent to being discharged before the interview could be completed. The details can be found elsewhere [45]. As the assumptions of MAR in our sample were met, we implemented the MICE to complete the missing data in the postpartum questionnaires to all cohort participants.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between neighborhood violence during pregnancy and birth outcomes: Evidence from São Paulo’s Western Region Birth Cohort

Santos

Brentani

Fink

2021

Preprint

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Background: Low birth weight and prematurity remain leading causes of infant mortality and morbidity globally. Although extensive literature has highlighted the importance of socioenvironmental characteristics for birth outcomes, the role of indirect violence on health remains fairly understudied.Methods: Using geocoded birth records from the ongoing Western Region Birth Cohort (Região Oeste Coorte – ROC-Cohort) of infants born between 2012-2014 and geocoded crime reports, we assessed the associations between exposure to violent crimes during pregnancy within a 1-km radius of the mother’s residence and low birth weight, preterm delivery, and being born small-for-gestational-age. Violent crime exposure was categorized into quintiles. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between violence exposure and birth outcomes. Models were adjusted for sex, maternal age and education, socioeconomic status, and risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and drinking during pregnancy.Results: Among the 5,268 infants included, the average crime exposure during the first two trimesters of pregnancy ranged from 0.44 violent crimes in the least exposed quintile to 12.74 crimes in the most exposed. Compared to children with the lowest violence exposure, children in the highest exposure quintile had higher odds of being born small-for-gestational-age (1.41[1.06-1.89]), preterm (1.35[1.01-1.80]), and low birth weight (1.42[1.03-1.98]). While socioeconomic status and maternal education were positively associated with lower violence exposure, no associations were found between these characteristics and birth outcomes.Conclusions: Higher exposure to violent crimes in the close vicinity of pregnant women’s residence is associated with substantial increases in the odds of adverse birth outcomes. Policies to improve neighborhood safety can potentially contribute not only to the short-term wellbeing of populations but may also have large social, economic, and health benefits in the long term.

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“…Most epidemiological studies looking for ASD association with environmental exposition search for one exposure factor at a time. However, it is important to consider that individuals, especially in developing countries, are not usually exposed to only one factor, but different correlated exposures at the same time [ 22 ]. In a previous study, with 67 ASD cases, we showed that prenatal vulnerability components and epigenetic age acceleration as a proxy of postnatal stress exposure were associated with ASD severity and functionality scores measured at 08 years of age [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2023

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Background Despite previous studies have recently shown Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) as having a strong genetics background, over a minimum environmental background, no study up to date has investigated the interplay between genetics and environment. Methods We have collected data regarding Family History (FH) and Environmental Factors (EF) from 2,141 individuals with ASD and their caretakers throughout Brazil, based on an online questionnaire. Most of the ASD individuals were males (81%) and the average age was 02 years minimum for males and females, and the maximum age was 41 years for males and 54 for females. People from all states in Brazil have answered the questionnaire. Genetic inheritance was obtained based on the declared FH of Psychiatric and Neurological diagnosis. As for EF, exposure to risk factors during pregnancy was considered, like infections, diabetes, drugs/chemicals exposure, socioeconomic, and psychological factors. Respondents were invited to answer the questionnaire in lectures given throughout Brazil, and by the social networks of the NGO “The Tooth Fairy Project”. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was conducted to search vulnerability dimensions, and a Cluster Analysis was conducted to classify and identify the subgroups. Results Regarding EF, social and psychological exposures contributed to the first two dimensions. Concerning FH, the first dimension represented psychiatric FH, while the second represented neurological FH. When analyzed together, EF and FH contributed to two new dimensions: 1. psychiatric FH, and 2. a psychosocial component. Using Cluster Analysis, it was not possible to isolate subgroups by genetic vulnerability or environmental exposure. Instead, a gradient of psychiatric FH with similar contributions of EF was observed. Conclusion In this study, it was not possible to isolate groups of patients that correspond to only one component, but rather a continuum with different compositions of genetic and environmental interplay.

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Cohort Profile: São Paulo Western Region Birth Cohort (ROC)

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing the association between air pollution and child development in São Paulo, Brazil

Assessing the association between air pollution and child development in São Paulo, Brazil

Associations between neighborhood violence during pregnancy and birth outcomes: Evidence from São Paulo’s Western Region Birth Cohort

Assessment of vulnerability dimensions considering Family History and environmental interplay in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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