Cohort Profile: The 1934–66 Mysore Birth Records Cohort in South India

Krishna, Murali; Kumaran, Kalyanaraman; Veena, Sargoor R.; Krishanveni, G V; Karat, Samuel C; Cox, Vanessa; Coakley, Patsy; Nagaraj, K.; Stein, Cláudia; Paul, Bdr; Prince, Martin; Osmond, Clive; Fall, Caroline H.D.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyv176

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Understanding coercive practices will inform the development of training and policies aimed at safeguarding both PwDs and their caregivers. With this background, we carried out an exploratory study by interviewing primary caregivers of PwD from the ongoing Mysore studies on Natal effects on Ageing and Health (MYNAH) in South India [19]. The aim was to identify methods of coercion and explore the caregivers’ reasons for using them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of coercion towards community dwelling older adults with dementia: findings from Mysore studies of natal effects on ageing and health (MYNAH)

Danivas

Bharmal

Keenan

et al. 2016

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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PurposeLimited availability of specialist services places a considerable burden on caregivers of Persons with Dementia (PwD) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). There are limited qualitative data on coercive behavior towards PwD in an LMIC setting.AimThe aim of this study was to find relevant themes of the lived experience of relatives as caregivers for PwD in view of their use of coercive measures in community setting in South India.MethodPrimary caregivers (n = 13) of PwDs from the Mysore study of Natal effects on Ageing and Health (MYNAH) in South India were interviewed to explore the nature and impact of coercion towards community dwelling older adults with dementia. The narrative data were coded using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach for thematic analysis and theory formation.ResultsCaregivers reported feeling physical and emotional burn-out, a lack of respite care, an absence of shared caregiving arrangements, limited knowledge of dementia, and a complete lack of community support services. They reported restrictions on their lives through not being able take employment, a poor social life, reduced income and job opportunities, and restricted movement that impacted on their physical and emotional well-being. Inappropriate use of sedatives, seclusion and environmental restraint, and restricted dietary intake, access to finances and participation in social events, was commonly reported methods of coercion used by caregivers towards PwD. Reasons given by caregivers for employing these coercive measures included safeguarding of the PwD and for the management of behavioral problems and physical health.ConclusionThere is an urgent need for training health and social care professionals to better understand the use of coercive measures and their impact on persons with dementia in India. It is feasible to conduct qualitative research using IPA in South India.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of coercion towards community dwelling older adults with dementia: findings from Mysore studies of natal effects on ageing and health (MYNAH)

Danivas

Bharmal

Keenan

et al. 2016

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…These studies have confirmed that people with lower birth measurements (weight/ponderal index) were more likely to develop chronic diseases 42,62,63 and such risk was particularly heightened for those who gained weight rapidly in childhood 57,60,64 . The children who were born small, remained small at age one or two, showed an early age of adiposity rebound (earliest age when body mass index (BMI) starts to rise in childhood), and generally became obese relative to themselves due to postnatal and childhood weight gain, overall had heightened risk for glucose intolerance and T2D.…”

Section: Postnatal Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 74%

Early Life Influences and Type-2 Diabetes – A Review

Prabhakaran

Tandon

2017

Current Science

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Early life factors encompassing parental, foetal and postnatal characteristics, have an important influence on individual disease risk. Of particular importance is the role of maternal lifetime nutrition and metabolic reserves, and the impact on offspring birth outcomes. Birth weight, in turn, affects disease risk in later life. Being born small and showing rapid weight gain during childhood are especially important risk determinants for impaired glucose tolerance, higher blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity in later life. Postnatal growth patterns, socio-environmental factors and genetic influences thus act in concert to increase the predilection for chronic diseases, including type-2 diabetes.

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“…Records were available for every baby born in the hospital since 1934, documenting birth weight, length and head circumference, and maternal weight and pelvic diameters. The stability of the Mysore population meant that it was feasible to trace the babies (now adults) by a house-to-house survey of the city (Krishna 2015).…”

Section: Birth Cohort Studies: Maternal and Fetal Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition In Foetal Life And Childhood and its Linkage With Adult Non-Communicable Disease; Lessons from Birth Cohort Studies in India

Fall¹

2018

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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India is facing high and rising rates of mid-and late-life chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD). Indian cohort studies have made a major contribution to the global evidence that disease risk is influenced by the nutritional environment experienced during fetal and childhood development. Adults who had a lower birth weight are more likely to develop diabetes and CHD, and children of lower birth weight have higher blood pressure, glucose concentrations, insulin resistance, and cholesterol concentrations. NCD risk is also related to childhood weight gain or body mass index (BMI) gain; upward crossing of BMI centiles is associated with an increased risk of adult type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, elevated pro-inflammatory factors and metabolic syndrome. Among people who had a low birth weight, or were underweight in infancy, risk is increased even by relatively modest levels of childhood BMI gain. Cohort studies have identified modifiable factors associated with low birth or infant weight and later NCD risk markers in children, including maternal diets poor in micronutrient-source foods and specific micronutrient deficiencies (eg. vitamins D and B12). In addition, maternal gestational diabetes has been identified as a common and important risk factor for excess adiposity, glucose intolerance and abnormal cardiovascular stress responses in the children. Nutritional interventions aimed at improving maternal health and nutrition before and during pregnancy, and optimising fetal and infant development in order to reduce NCD risk, are currently being tested in India.

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Cohort Profile: The 1934–66 Mysore Birth Records Cohort in South India

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of coercion towards community dwelling older adults with dementia: findings from Mysore studies of natal effects on ageing and health (MYNAH)

An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of coercion towards community dwelling older adults with dementia: findings from Mysore studies of natal effects on ageing and health (MYNAH)

Early Life Influences and Type-2 Diabetes – A Review

Nutrition In Foetal Life And Childhood and its Linkage With Adult Non-Communicable Disease; Lessons from Birth Cohort Studies in India

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