Cohort Profile: The AGES 2003 Cohort Study in Aichi, Japan

Nishi, Akihiro; Kondo, Katsunori; Hirai, Hiroshi; Kawachi, Ichiro

doi:10.2188/jea.je20100135

Cited by 46 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Cohort data from two on-going prospective cohort studies, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) [8, 9] and the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) Project [10, 11], were used in this analysis. ELSA targets independent-living older adults in England aged 50 years or older and the first wave was conducted between 2002 and 2003.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…JAGES participants were community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years or older that were randomly selected from each municipality. Further details of ELSA and JAGES can be found in each cohort profile [8, 10]. In our study, we analysed the data from individuals aged 65 years or older at the first wave in both studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In JAGES, older adults receiving the public disability insurance benefit were not invited to the study even if they were living at their home [10], whereas ELSA targets independently living older adults. Due to this research design, it is likely that systematic differences exist in participants’ disability status between two studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Behavioural Determinants of the Difference in Survival among Older Adults in Japan and England

Aida

Cable

Zaninotto³

et al. 2018

Gerontology

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Background: A rapidly ageing population presents major challenges to health and social care services. Cross-country comparative studies on survival among older adults are limited. In addition, Japan, the country with the longest life expectancy, is rarely included in these cross-country comparisons. Objective: We examined the relative contributions of social and behavioural factors on the differences in survival among older people in Japan and England. Methods: We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES; n = 13,176) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA; n = 5,551) to analyse all-cause mortality up to 9.4 years from the baseline. Applying Laplace regression models, the 15th survival percentile difference was estimated. Results: During the follow-up, 31.3% of women and 38.6% of men in the ELSA died, whereas 19.3% of women and 31.3% of men in the JAGES died. After adjusting for age and baseline health status, JAGES participants had longer survival than ELSA participants by 318.8 days for women and by 131.6 days for men. Family-based social relationships contributed to 105.4 days longer survival in JAGES than ELSA men. Fewer friendship-based social relationships shortened the JAGES men’s survival by 45.4 days compared to ELSA men. Currently not being a smoker contributed to longer survival for JAGES women (197.7 days) and ELSA men (46.6 days), and having lower BMI reduced the survival of JAGES participants by 129.0 days for women and by 212.2 days for men. Conclusion: Compared to participants in England, Japanese older people lived longer mainly because of non-smoking for women and family-based social relationships for men. In contrast, a lower rate of underweight, men’s better friendship-based social relationships, and a lower smoking rate contributed to survival among participants in England.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and Behavioural Determinants of the Difference in Survival among Older Adults in Japan and England

Aida

Cable

Zaninotto³

et al. 2018

Gerontology

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“…However, the quality of health status in Japan, i.e., health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among the entire Japanese population, has yet to be fully examined. Although several studies have attempted to investigate the trends in physical and mental health status using cohort studies, these often experienced major limitations in terms of data and health measurements [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Two major limitations of such studies are: (1) data which are not nationally representative in terms of sampling method and size of surveyed population; (2) health measures which are not clearly validated because they usually depend on a single domain of health status, such as selfrated health [9,10], which can be easily affected by errors in the measurement of an individual's characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale development of health status for secondary data analysis using a nationally representative survey

Nishi

Noguchi

Hashimoto

et al. 2011

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objectives Scale development of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measures, including physical and mental health measures, among public datasets from Japan is needed for comparative studies on health conditions among different age, gender, and socio-economic subgroups. Multi-attributable scales of continuous/discrete variables on HRQOL could be more flexible for different kinds of epidemiologic and socio-econometric studies rather than single-item measures. The objectives of this study were to create multi-dimensional scales for physical, mental, and summary health measures and to describe the age-related trends of these scales in Japan. Methods We utilized data from the 2007 Comprehensive Survey of the Living Conditions of People on Health and Welfare (LCPHW: Kokumin Seikatsu Kiso Chosa) (n = 383,745) to measure physical health (0 = worst score, 16 = best score) by summarizing four items: general health status, bedridden status/mobility, self-care/usual activities, and pain (0 = worst score, 4 = best score for each item). Mental health was measured using a Japanese version of K6 (0 = worst score, 4 = best score, modified from original version in which 24 = worst score and 0 = best score). We then created a summary health scale using the simple sum of physical and mental health (0 = worst score, 20 = best score). The reliability and validity of the scales were evaluated and their age-related trends described. Results The internal consistency reliability of the physical and summary health scales was not sufficiently high (Cronbach's a = 0.64 and 0.67, respectively) and the agerelated trend was smooth and monotonous. The internal consistency reliability of the mental health scale (K6) was high (Cronbach's a = 0.90), while the age-related trend peaked at age 65-74 years. Conclusions While K6 was a measure with high reliability for describing mental health, use of the physical and summary health scale in the Japanese population requires further discussion. Additional validation tests of the summary scales also need to be performed, in which our methodology is applied to other data sets that include strict diagnostic results based on a structural interview.

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“…A detailed description of the study population and the baseline survey has been published elsewhere. [19] Briefly, the initial cohort included a representative sample of 6 municipalities in Chita Peninsula of Aichi Prefecture.…”

Section: Data and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive affect and incident dementia among the old

Murata

Takeda

Suzuki

et al. 2015

JER

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Background: We investigated the association between positive affect and incident dementia among the old. Studies have reported the role positive affect has on maintaining health. Still, no longitudinal studies have assessed the association between positive affect and incident dementia. Methods: We used the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES) data. Participants were older adults (65 +) who did not receive benefits from Japan's public Long-Term Care Insurance System at baseline (N = 14,286) in 6 municipalities. They were followed from 2003 to 2007 for dementia onset. Dementia onset was determined according to the criteria used in the Long-Term Care Insurance System. Positive affect was assessed by sub-scales of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Cox hazard proportional models stratified by sex were employed to calculate hazard ratios for incident dementia. Results: Of 14,286 participants (6,813 men and 7,473 women), 333 men (4.9%) and 468 women (6.3%) developed dementia during the 4 year follow-up. In age adjusted Cox models, positive affect was significantly associated with lower risk of dementia both among men and women. Even after adjusting for health status, health behaviors, social engagement, and low education, positive affect persisted as a significant protector against dementia. Conclusions: We observed a protective role of positive affect against cognitive decline. Factors associated with higher positive affect scores were healthier life style, social engagement, and physical health. This implies the importance of maintaining such activities to promote cognitive health among the old. In doing so, the role of positive affect merits attention.

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Cohort Profile: The AGES 2003 Cohort Study in Aichi, Japan

Cited by 46 publications

References 30 publications

Social and Behavioural Determinants of the Difference in Survival among Older Adults in Japan and England

Social and Behavioural Determinants of the Difference in Survival among Older Adults in Japan and England

Scale development of health status for secondary data analysis using a nationally representative survey

Positive affect and incident dementia among the old

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