Cohort Study on Incidence of Coronal and Root Caries in Japanese Adults

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of coronal and root caries in participants aged 20-59 years in Japan. The participants comprised 118 men and 23 women undergoing a re-examination 5 years after an initial examination. Lesions were classified as gingival recession, decayed root caries, or filled surfaces. The rates of incidence of coronal caries over the 5 years were 87% in women aged 20-29 years, 77% in men aged 20-29 years, 62% in men aged 30-39 years, 64% in men aged 40-49 years, and 60% in men aged 50-59 years. The rates for those observed to be at risk for the incidence of root caries were 25% for women aged 20-29 years, 16% for men aged 20-29 years, 11% for men aged 30-39 years, 43% for men aged 40-49 years, and 35% for men aged 50-59 years. The distribution for the number of new coronal and root caries lesions was 68.8% and 24.1%, respectively. Univariate logistic regression analyses for new coronal caries revealed that the risk factors were age group at baseline (OR=0.702, p=0.0440), number of coronal decayed and filled surfaces at baseline (OR=2.893, p=0.0107), and number of sound teeth at baseline (OR=3.381, p=0.0013). Moreover, univariate logistic regression analyses for new root caries revealed that the risk factors were age group at baseline (OR=1.787, p=0.0039), presence or absence of gingival recession at baseline (OR=3.288, p=0.0062), and presence or absence of root decayed and filled surfaces at baseline (OR=11.00, p<0.0001). It was concluded from these results that the target of caries prevention in adults should not only be focused on root surfaces, especially in those aged 40 years or over, but also on the coronal surfaces of the dentition in those in their twenties.

Root Caries Experience and its Association with Risk Indicators among Middle-Aged Adults

“…[ 20 ] Likewise, studies by Sugihara et al . [ 21 ] reported a significant increase in the prevalence of root caries with increasing age among Japanese population ( P = 0.001).…”

Root caries incidence and increment in the population – A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of longitudinal studies

“…In addition to these methodological issues new studies are available to be included in a contemporary meta-analysis (14,15).…”

Risk factors for root caries annual incidence and progression among older people requiring nursing care: A one-year prospective cohort study

“…Silva et al [11] found a significantly higher incidence of root caries in Australian nursing home residents aged above 85 years than in those below that age. Older age [20] and male sex [8] were also identified as risk factors for root caries incidence among community-dwelling older people.…”