Coil Parameter Analysis for Inductively Coupled Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles

Abstract

Wireless charging (WC) has gained popularity for the charging of electric vehicles in recent years of research, particularly dynamic wireless charging systems (DWCSs). Among the different topologies of DWCSs, this paper focuses on an inductively coupled wireless charging system (ICWCS). In this ICWCS, double-D (DD) coils create horizontal and vertical flux components between different pad configurations, which show optimal features in contrast to circular pad coils. In this work, the three-dimensional (3D) finite element technique (FEM) is used to establish the proposed design to observe the coupling coefficient, while the system design’s performance is evaluated using a circuit simulator. In the simulation, the proposed DD coil configuration is used for both the transmitter and receiver sides. It provides the maximum coupling coefficient and efficiency at perfect alignment when using an in-between air gap of 166 mm and six I-type ferrite bars on the transmitter side and five I-type ferrite bars on the receiver side. The coupling coefficient and system parameters, such as power and efficiency, are considered for different misalignments in the proposed configuration. The results of this work satisfy the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J2954 Class 3 criteria. The best results obtained are on account of optimizing the ferrite core, which is achieved by varying its length and width. While varying the ferrite core’s dimensions, 0.2451, as the optimal k value, is obtained at the effective width and length of 57.5 mm and 400 mm, respectively. The simulation results of the Ansys Maxwell 3D software prove the feasibility of the proposed structure.