Coiling of Alfalfa Pods in Relation to Resistance Against Seed Chalcids: Additional Observations

Small, Ernest; Brookes, Brenda

doi:10.4141/cjps84-091

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…been associated with an increase in reproductive success due to enhanced resistance to certain phytophagous insects, which encounter increased physical constraints to feed on the seeds of coiled pods (Small and Brookes, 1984). Moreover, the coiled pod morphology represents a change in seed dispersal strategies with a likely impact on population structures and fitness (Heyn, 1963;Lesins and Lesins, 1979;Polhill, 1994;Levin et al, 2003;Yan et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Change inSHATTERPROOFProtein Lies at the Origin of a Fruit Morphological Novelty and a New Strategy for Seed Dispersal inMedicagoGenus

et al. 2013

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Angiosperms are the most diverse and numerous group of plants, and it is generally accepted that this evolutionary success owes in part to the diversity found in fruits, key for protecting the developing seeds and ensuring seed dispersal. Although studies on the molecular basis of morphological innovations are few, they all illustrate the central role played by transcription factors acting as developmental regulators. Here, we show that a small change in the protein sequence of a MADS-box transcription factor correlates with the origin of a highly modified fruit morphology and the change in seed dispersal strategies that occurred in Medicago, a genus belonging to the large legume family. This protein sequence modification alters the functional properties of the protein, affecting the affinities for other protein partners involved in high-order complexes. Our work illustrates that variation in coding regions can generate evolutionary novelties not based on gene duplication/subfunctionalization but by interactions in complex networks, contributing also to the current debate on the relative importance of changes in regulatory or coding regions of master regulators in generating morphological novelties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, some authors have also associated Medicago spp. coiled pod morphology to increased pest resistance by reducing accessibility to insects (Small and Brookes, 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Change inSHATTERPROOFProtein Lies at the Origin of a Fruit Morphological Novelty and a New Strategy for Seed Dispersal inMedicagoGenus

et al. 2013

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“…Despite being characteristically viewed merely as a protective organ – for instance, the pod morphology of alfalfa has been shown to be instrumental in safeguarding seeds against chaliced wasps (Small & Brookes, 1984) – the role of the pod appears to alter during the course of development. For instance, transcriptional profiling of the pod wall at different developmental stages has revealed that the observed changes in pod anatomy and chlorophyll concentrations throughout pod maturation correlated with alterations in transcription factor expression patterns (Wagstaff et al.…”

Section: Pod Structure and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the pod in seed development: strategies for manipulating yield

2011

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SummaryPods play a key role in encapsulating the developing seeds and protecting them from pests and pathogens. In addition to this protective function, it has been shown that the photosynthetically active pod wall contributes assimilates and nutrients to fuel seed growth. Recent work has revealed that signals originating from the pod may also act to coordinate grain filling and regulate the reallocation of reserves from damaged seeds to those that have retained viability. In this review we consider the evidence that pods can regulate seed growth and maturation, particularly in members of the Brassicaceae family, and explore how the timing and duration of pod development might be manipulated to enhance either the quantity of crop yield or its nutritional properties.

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“…Janzen (1969) Brookes (1982,1984a) indicating that the seed chalcid prefers relatively uncoiled pods (which have fewer seeds than coiled pods). By contrast, Erdelyi et al (.1979) reported that the seed weevil prefers pods with a mean of about six seeds, which corresponds to pods with about 2.5 coils (Small and Brookes 1984a …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Rarely, the small leaves in Caucasus and adjacent regions of the the inflorescence also have them. This sit-USSR, the plants are morphologically sim-uation contrasts with that in the several anilar but are much more frequent, and are nual species of Medicago which are glantetraploid (see treatment of M. glutinosa in dular, and for which the glandular Lesins and Lesins (1919) Through the courtesy of the USSR Ministry of Agriculture, I was furnished a microfilm copy of Vasil'ev (1973Vasil'ev ( -1975 (Small and Brookes 1984a;Small, unpubl. data).…”

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confidence: 99%