Coinfecções por Leishmania infantum, Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii em cães necropsiados da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

RESUMO O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a presença de anticorpos para Leishmania infantum, Neospora caninum e Toxoplasma gondii, por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), em cães (n=78) provenientes da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, necropsiados no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), bem como avaliar os dados epidemiológicos, sazonais e anátomo-histopatológicos. Do total de animais avaliados, 67,9% (53/78) apresentaram soropositividade para ao menos um agente. A ocorrência de anticorpos para L. infantum, N. caninum e T. gondii foi de 33,3 (26/78), 37,1 (29/78) e 43,5% (34/78), respectivamente. Detectaram-se monoinfecções em 9,4% (5/53) para L. infantum, 18,8% (10/53) para N. caninum e 20,7% (11/53) para T. gondii. As coinfecções foram observadas em 27/53 (50,9%) dos animais. As infecções ocorreram independentemente de idade, sexo, procedência ou raça (P>0,05). Não se verificaram lesões anatomo-histopatológicas relacionadas aos agentes pesquisados, caracterizando-os como animais assintomáticos. Os resultados confirmaram a exposição de cães a esses protozoários na região central do RS e, em especial, demonstraram a circulação do agente causador da leishmaniose em uma área considerada indene para a enfermidade.

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in dogs from an urban area of North-eastern Brazil: a spatial approach

“…It has now been established that the consumption of commercial food by dogs has increased worldwide in recent years, which has contributed to a reduction in the transmission of some pathogens. Similarly, the frequency of infection by T. gondii (9.54%) was lower than previously reported in the same area (54.4%) 12 and in other studies conducted elsewhere 14 .…”

Frequency of co-seropositivities for certain pathogens and their relationship with clinical and histopathological changes and parasite load in dogs infected with Leishmania infantum

“…A high frequency of anti-T. gondii (62.9%) antibodies was also detected in dogs from a CanL-endemic area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil [33]. However, in studies conducted in areas not endemic for CanL in Brazil, the authors found frequencies of anti-Leishmania and anti-T. gondii antibodies of 11.6% in dogs from Londrina, state of Paraná [34], and of 10.2% in dogs from the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul [35]. These percentages are lower than those observed in the present study.…”

Molecular diagnosis of Ehrlichia canis and Babesia vogeli, and serological diagnosis of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infection in dogs from the municipality of Cândido Sales-BA and microregion

“…These researchers used IFA and ELISA serological techniques to diagnose infection by T. gondii and E. canis, respectively, in 353 dogs from Bahia and found co-infection by these agents in 20.1% (71/353) of the evaluated animals. The relationship between co-infection by E. canis and T. gondii or N. caninum may be due to the opportunistic characteristics of the parasites (Ratzlaff et al, 2018).…”

“…In these animals, the infection can http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12907 Original Article -Veterinary Medicine either show no symptoms or have a major clinical presentation, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The evaluation of the seroprevalence of this agent in canine species is of great importance because the diagnosis in these animals can reveal environmental and human contamination (Ratzlaff et al, 2018). In addition, dogs can act as definitive hosts of N. caninum which, in areas with cattle, can lead to severe economic losses because infection by this agent is mainly related to episodes of pregnancy loss in cows (Dubey et al, 2007).…”

“…Several coinfections in dogs have been described, which can lead to clinical problems and are common in areas where several etiological agents occur concomitantly. Epidemiological studies related to these pathogens are of great importance because of the growing connection between canine species and humans, which necessitates the establishment of better care and strategic actions for the prevention of zoonoses and other important diseases for animal health (Ratzlaff et al, 2018).…”