Coinfection of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Masroor, Hassan; Qazi, Usman M; Masroor, Anum; Saleem, Ayesha; Khalil, Ghayyur; Abbas, Kiran

doi:10.7759/cureus.16474

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…HIV/HBV co-infection has predominant sexual transmission whereas HIV/HCV co-infection has pre-dominant IV drug mode of transmission. [55]In a study from Larkana, Sindh by Fatima Mir et al about 3% of the HIV patients had Anti-HCV positive status as well. [56] In another case control study from Larkana, HCV prevalence was 6.5% amongst 401 cases of HIV positive children.…”

Section: C) IV Drug Abusersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on National Consensus Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Hepatitis C & Literature Review in Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Pakistan - 2022

Syed,

Umar,

Khaar

et al. 2024

JRMC

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Hepatitis C is a global health problem affecting around 58 million people worldwide and killing almost 0.29 million in on one year [1]. The world has united to fight against this lethal disease in 2016 with a moto to eliminate hepatitis by 2030. To achieve this goal WHO’s World Health Assembly has set some targets and individual countries have developed their own strategies to achieve those targets [2]. Pakistan has the 2nd highest prevalence of hepatitis C in the world with 5.8% viremia positive patients [3]. Pakistan is amongst the few countries that have been assisted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) to prevent and control Hepatitis[4]. With the availability of Direct Acting Antivirals(DAAs), the whole paradigm of treatment of hepatitis C has changed not only globally but also in Pakistan. However, the patients in Pakistan are unable to gain access to the latest DAAs at the pace, as they are available globally. International guidelines are being updated on regular basis as per global evidence, recommending such combinations which are not readily available to many parts of the world. Hence there is a dire need to develop national guidelines, keeping in consideration the efficacy of the drugs as well as their availability, in the broader canvas of achieving the targets of eliminating Hepatitis set by WHO. In this context, our consensus guidelines are an effort to fill the gap created because of upgraded scientific evidence and possible combinations available in our part of the world. Furthermore, quite some good research and evidence has also been shared in the literature from Pakistan during last five years (2016-2021). Hence a literature review has also been carried out to update our own epidemiologic data, risk factors and treatment responses to Hepatitis C in Pakistan.

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Section: C) IV Drug Abusersmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on National Consensus Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Hepatitis C & Literature Review in Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Pakistan - 2022

Syed,

Umar,

Khaar

et al. 2024

JRMC

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“…Hepatitis viruses were found in 94.4% of HIV patients. Anti-HCV was positive in 72% of cases, triple infections were seen in 7.9% of cases, and viral indicators for HBsAg were present in 14.5% of cases (Mohammadi et al, 2009;Masroor et al, 2021). However, it is challenging to create a therapeutic strategy when these viruses co-occur with Vibrio vulnificus infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: First case of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and Vibrio vulnificus coinfection

Zeng,

Guan,

Liang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Our patient, a 48-year-old man from Guangdong’s coastal region, worked selling and processing oysters and other seafood. He started experiencing swelling and pain in his left knee on October 4, 2022, and they got worse over time. The findings of mNGS test showed Vibrio vulnificus infection. The patient had AIDS, hepatitis A and hepatitis B concurrently. He was admitted to the hospital’s intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment as his symptoms worsened. We refrained from performing an amputation because the family members expressed a desire to keep the limb. The limb was managed with regular dressing changes, thorough debridement, wound closure, ongoing VSD drainage, and local antibiotic irrigation. The patient’s organ function eventually returned to normal, and the systemic infection got better. On November 1, the wound’s new granulation tissue had grown well and had gradually crept to cover 80% of the wound. The tissue’s blood flow had also improved, indicating a trend of growth and healing.

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“…HIV-infection and viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) constitute one of the biggest problems of medicine, and their spread is facilitated by common ways and factors of transmission [1][2][3][4].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathomorphological Changes in the Liver Caused by Hepatitis B, C, B+c Viruses in the Deceased Hiv-Infected Persons

Prokopovych,

Hryzhak,

Bahrii

et al. 2023

ІХ

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Pathohistological peculiarities of liver histological preparations of 75 HIV-infected deceased people with chronic viral hepatitis which diagnosed during their life: hepatitis B was in 8, C – in 24, B+C – in 43 patients. It was determined that in all patients (100.0 %), with any type of chronic hepatitis (B, C or B+C) there was a lymphocyte-macrophage infiltration of portal tracts and stroma. In persons with hepatitis B there were a focal and periportal necrosis of hepatocytes in 100.0 % of patients, hydropic dystrophy of hepatocytes - in 87.5 % and liver cirrhosis – in 25.0 %. In patients with hepatitis C a fatty dystrophy of the liver was found in 91.7 % that more often than in patients with hepatitis B (12.5 %, p<0.001), the focal periportal necrosis of hepatocytes was less (12.5 % vs. 100.0 %, respectively, p<0.001) and liver cirrhosis was in 41.7 %. In patients with hepatitis B+C, the liver tissue included signs characteristic of both hepatitis B and C: a hydropic dystrophy (69.8 %), fatty dystrophy (30.2 %), periportal bridging necrosis (51.2 %), liver fibrosis (34.9 %). As a result of these complex pathological processes in the liver, a cirrhosis was found more often than in other groups of patients (67.4 % vs. 41.7 % of patients with hepatitis C, p=0.041, and vs. 25.0 % of patients with hepatitis B, p=0.024). Histology activity index of hepatitis and stage of liver fibrosis according to Knodell R.G. (1981) did not differ in frequency in all groups of patients. In all patients a strong negative correlation was found between them (r=-0.607, p<0.001). This finding reflects a decrease in the histological activity of hepatitis against the background of increased fibrotic changes in the body. Conclusion. It has been found that the hydropic dystrophy and focal intralobular and periportal bridging necrosis of hepatocytes are characteristic of hepatitis B infection in HIV-infected deceased persons. Hepatitis C is characterized by the fatty dystrophy and cirrhosis of the liver. The presence of hepatitis B+C causes the liver changes characteristic of both hepatitis B and C simultaneously: the hydropic dystrophy, fatty dystrophy, necrosis of hepatocytes. The liver cirrhosis is most often present in patients with hepatitis B+C. The degree of liver fibrosis negatively correlated with the histology activity index of hepatitis.

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Coinfection of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract: BackgroundCoinfection of viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is not uncommon in Pakistan. Coinfection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) with HIV is associated with a poor prognosis. The current study evaluated the occurrence of coinfection of

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

An Update on National Consensus Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Hepatitis C & Literature Review in Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Pakistan - 2022

An Update on National Consensus Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Hepatitis C & Literature Review in Epidemiology of Hepatitis C in Pakistan - 2022

Case Report: First case of HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and Vibrio vulnificus coinfection

Pathomorphological Changes in the Liver Caused by Hepatitis B, C, B+c Viruses in the Deceased Hiv-Infected Persons

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