Coinfection with HIV and Tropical Infectious Diseases. II. Helminthic, Fungal, Bacterial, and Viral Pathogens

Karp, Christopher L.; Auwaerter, Paul G.

doi:10.1086/522180

Cited by 87 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is also plausible that there are genetic factors at the origin of a preferential switch towards a particular class or subclass of antibody. A detailed analysis of the underlying factors would require large cohort studies as there will be a need to combine an analysis of the genetic background of human populations, of parasite populations, and of the almost unlimited combinations of concomitant infections by parasites, viruses or bacteria, that are highly prevalent under tropical conditions [17], [45], [46]. The resulting multi-factorial equation is obviously complex to analyze and this is likely the main factor that has delayed until now the identification of the worm effects upon malaria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Human-Plasmodium falciparum Immune Interactions Uncovers the Immunological Role of Worms

Roussilhon

Brasseur

Agnamey³

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFormer studies have pointed to a monocyte-dependant effect of antibodies in protection against malaria and thereby to cytophilic antibodies IgG1 and IgG3, which trigger monocyte receptors. Field investigations have further documented that a switch from non-cytophilic to cytophilic classes of antimalarial antibodies was associated with protection. The hypothesis that the non-cytophilic isotype imbalance could be related to concomittant helminthic infections was supported by several interventions and case-control studies.Methods and FindingsWe investigated here the hypothesis that the delayed acquisition of immunity to malaria could be related to a worm-induced Th2 drive on antimalarial immune responses. IgG1 to IgG4 responses against 6 different parasite-derived antigens were analyzed in sera from 203 Senegalese children, half carrying intestinal worms, presenting 421 clinical malaria attacks over 51 months. Results show a significant correlation between the occurrence of malaria attacks, worm carriage (particularly that of hookworms) and a decrease in cytophilic IgG1 and IgG3 responses and an increase in non-cytophilic IgG4 response to the merozoite stage protein 3 (MSP3) vaccine candidate.ConclusionThe results confirm the association with protection of anti-MSP3 cytophilic responses, confirm in one additional setting that worms increase malaria morbidity and show a Th2 worm-driven pattern of anti-malarial immune responses. They document why large anthelminthic mass treatments may be worth being assessed as malaria control policies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Human-Plasmodium falciparum Immune Interactions Uncovers the Immunological Role of Worms

Roussilhon

Brasseur

Agnamey³

et al. 2010

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In sub-Saharan Africa the geographic overlap between the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), intestinal helminth parasites, and malnutrition may have an additive impact on the competency of the immune system in affected hosts [3, 4]. This triple burden may lead to accelerated HIV and helminth disease progression [5–7]. Potent immune responses and adequate nutrition are essential to resist infectious agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction between HIV and Intestinal Helminth Parasites Coinfection with Nutrition among Adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Mkhize

Mabaso

Mamba

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In South Africa few studies have examined the effects of the overlap of HIV and helminth infections on nutritional status. This cross-sectional study investigated the interaction between HIV and intestinal helminths coinfection with nutritional status among KwaZulu-Natal adults. Participants were recruited from a comprehensive primary health care clinic and stratified based on their HIV, stool parasitology, IgE, and IgG4 results into four groups: the uninfected, HIV infected, helminth infected, and HIV-helminth coinfected groups. The nutritional status was assessed using body mass index, 24-hour food recall, micro-, and macronutrient biochemical markers. Univariate and multivariate multinomial probit regression models were used to assess nutritional factors associated with singly and dually infected groups using the uninfected group as a reference category. Biochemically, the HIV-helminth coinfected group was associated with a significantly higher total protein, higher percentage of transferrin saturation, and significantly lower ferritin. There was no significant association between single or dual infections with HIV and helminths with micro- and macronutrient deficiency; however general obesity and low micronutrient intake patterns, which may indicate a general predisposition to micronutrient and protein-energy deficiency, were observed and may need further investigations.

show abstract

“…Moreover, Entamoeba can cause invasive intestinal infection or disseminate to the liver (and rarely to the lung and the brain) causing amebic liver abscess with about 100,000 deaths annually, making amebiasis the second leading cause of death from protozoal diseases, after malaria [6], [7]. On the other hand, opportunistic IPI such as Cryptosporidium , Isospora belli , Microsporidia, and Strongyloides infections are commonly reported among immunocompromised individuals with significant morbidity and mortality [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Intestinal Polyparasitism among Orang Asli School Children in Rural Malaysia

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThis cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the current prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal polyparasitism (the concurrent infection with multiple intestinal parasite species) among Orang Asli school children in the Lipis district of Pahang state, Malaysia.Methods/Principal findingsFecal samples were collected from 498 school children (50.6% boys and 49.4% girls), and examined by using direct smear, formalin-ether sedimentation, trichrome stain, modified Ziehl Neelsen stain, Kato-Katz, and Harada Mori techniques. Demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and personal hygiene information were collected by using a pre-tested questionnaire. Overall, 98.4% of the children were found to be infected by at least one parasite species. Of these, 71.4% had polyparasitism. The overall prevalence of Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Giardia duodenalis, Entamoeba spp., and Cryptosporidium spp. infections were 95.6%, 47.8%, 28.3%, 28.3%, 14.1% and 5.2%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that using an unsafe water supply as a source for drinking water, presence of other family members infected with intestinal parasitic infections (IPI), not washing vegetables before consumption, absence of a toilet in the house, not wearing shoes when outside, not cutting nails periodically, and not washing hands before eating were significant risk factors associated with intestinal polyparasitism among these children.Conclusions/SignificanceIntestinal polyparasitism is highly prevalent among children in the peninsular Malaysian Aboriginal communities. Hence, effective and sustainable control measures, including school-based periodic chemotherapy, providing adequate health education focused on good personal hygiene practices and proper sanitation, as well as safe drinking water supply should be implemented to reduce the prevalence and consequences of these infections in this population.

show abstract

Coinfection with HIV and Tropical Infectious Diseases. II. Helminthic, Fungal, Bacterial, and Viral Pathogens

Cited by 87 publications

References 66 publications

Understanding Human-Plasmodium falciparum Immune Interactions Uncovers the Immunological Role of Worms

Understanding Human-Plasmodium falciparum Immune Interactions Uncovers the Immunological Role of Worms

The Interaction between HIV and Intestinal Helminth Parasites Coinfection with Nutrition among Adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Epidemiology of Intestinal Polyparasitism among Orang Asli School Children in Rural Malaysia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About