Coking of Model Hydrocarbon Fuels under Supercritical Condition

Xie, Wenjie; Fang, Wenjun; Li, Dan; Xing, Yan; Guo, Yihang; Lin, Ruisen

doi:10.1021/ef8011323

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…When the temperature increases further, a lot of carbons deposit on the surface of the fiber-like coke, wrap the coke core, and become bulb like at the end (Figure 3). Xie et al 59 also found that coke in different fuels presents in different shapes. Coke in n-heptane, cyclohexane, and JP-10 are like fibers, tubes, and granules, respectively.…”

Section: Coking Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Research status of active cooling of endothermic hydrocarbon fueled scramjet engine

Ning

Pan

Zhang

2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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The active cooling with endothermic hydrocarbon fuel is proved to be a very effective approach for scramjet thermal protection. This article has summarized the research status of active cooling of endothermic hydrocarbon fueled scramjet engine from the following five aspects, cooling capacity and heat sink measurement, thermal and catalytic cracking, coking suppression, heat transfer characteristics, and injection, mixing, ignition, and combustion performance, and suggestions on the further study of active cooling of endothermic hydrocarbon fueled scramjets are put forward. The total heat sink of endothermic hydrocarbon fuel is found to be sufficient for scramjet cooling as the additional chemical heat sink is generated from cracking reactions, and catalytic cracking is proved to be better, because of its low cracking starting temperature, high conversion percentage, and good selectivity. As for coking mitigation, approaches are usually made from eliminating the oxygen dissolved in the fuel, reducing the amount of coking-foregoing substances, and doing some special treatments on the metal surface. The heat transfer of endothermic hydrocarbon fuels presents two enhancements. The first one is related to the variation of parameters near the critical point while the second one is a result of cracking reactions. The cracked products are proved to have better performance of injection, mixing, ignition, and combustion, and this is especially attractive for scramjets as effective mixing and stable ignition and combustion has always been difficult.

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Section: Coking Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…DeWitt et al 58 have found that sulfur and sulfide have a significant promotion effect on coking. Xie et al 59 have compared the coking quantities of n-heptane, cyclohexane, and JP-10 under supercritical state (873 K, 4.1 MPa) and found that chemical structure has a great effect on coking.…”

Section: Coking Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research status of active cooling of endothermic hydrocarbon fueled scramjet engine

Ning

Pan

Zhang

2012

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G:

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“…Most interestingly, the morphologies of the cokes were very different, as seen in the flaky carbon deposits in Figure 7a and the irregular carbon particles in Figure 7b. A large number of studies have shown that these cokes are amorphous carbon deposits owing to the non-catalytic coking [32,33]. The result suggested that the morphology of non-catalytic cokes is not only affected by the temperature, pressure, and coking precursor, but is also closely related to the surface state of the coatings.…”

Section: The Anti-coking Properties Of Tin and Tio 2 Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Growth Characteristics and Properties of CVD TiN and TiO2 Anti-Coking Coatings

et al. 2019

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Coating metals with anti-coking materials inhibit their catalytic coking and are especially beneficial in the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon fuels. It is believed that growth characteristics and properties may play a pivotal role in the anti-coking performance of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) coatings. In this study, TiN and TiO 2 coatings were obtained by CVD using TiCl 4 -N 2 -H 2 and TiCl 4 -H 2 -CO 2 systems, respectively. The effects of deposition time, residence time, and partial pressure were examined, and the coating microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that the effect of deposition parameters on the growth characteristics of TiN and TiO 2 coatings is very different. The growth of the TiN coating shows characteristics of the island growth model, while the TiO 2 coating follows the layer model. In general, the growth rate of the star-shaped TiN crystals is higher than that of crystals of other shapes. For the TiO 2 coating, the layer mode growth characteristics indicate that the morphology of the TiO 2 coating does not change significantly with the experimental conditions. Coking tests showed that the morphology of non-catalytic cokes is not only affected by the temperature, pressure, and coking precursor, but is also closely related to the surface state of the coatings. Both TiN and TiO 2 coatings can effectively prevent catalytic coking and eliminate filamentous cokes. In some cases, however, the N or O atoms in the TiN and TiO 2 coatings may affect common carbon deposits formed by non-catalytic coking, such as formation of needle-like and flaky carbon deposits.

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“…low-density polyethylene) in a quartz semi continuous feed reactor with fast heating to obtain solid carbons [4,5]. In recent years, the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon fuel in hypersonic aircrafts is also a research hotspot, because hydrocarbon fuel is required not only for the propulsive power but also as a coolant with high cooling capacity due to its endothermic pyrolysis reaction at high temperature [6][7][8]. But, the tradition cracking process need high temperature and cause many environmental related problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cracking of Durene over HY and H Zeolites

Vinodh

Babu

Abidov

et al. 2016

Advanced Science and Technology Letters

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Abstract. Catalytic cracking of durene over HY and Hβ zeolites, and their silica modified forms such as 30% SiO 2 /HY, 30% SiO 2 /Hβ, and 10% SiO 2 /ZSM-5 was examined at 450 C. Both HY and Hβ zeolites showed higher than 90% conversion, but 10% SiO 2 /ZSM-5 around 30% conversions. Both the 30% SiO 2 /HY and 30% SiO 2 /Hβ displayed slightly lower conversion than the respective parent zeolites, but higher selectivity to p-xylene. This study establishes that for durene cracking large pore zeolites are better than medium pore zeolites. Time on stream study showed decrease of conversion with the increase in time due to coke formation, insisting frequent activation of catalyst. This study depicts that other large pore zeolites could also be good to crack durene to p-xylene.

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Coking of Model Hydrocarbon Fuels under Supercritical Condition

Cited by 56 publications

References 31 publications

Research status of active cooling of endothermic hydrocarbon fueled scramjet engine

Research status of active cooling of endothermic hydrocarbon fueled scramjet engine

Comparison of Growth Characteristics and Properties of CVD TiN and TiO2 Anti-Coking Coatings

Cracking of Durene over HY and H Zeolites

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