Cold bosons in optical lattices

Abstract

Basic properties of cold Bose atoms in optical lattices are reviewed. The main principles of correct self-consistent description of arbitrary systems with Bose-Einstein condensate are formulated. Theoretical methods for describing regular periodic lattices are presented. A special attention is paid to the discussion of Bose-atom properties in the frame of the boson Hubbard model. Optical lattices with arbitrary strong disorder, induced by random potentials, are treated. Possible applications of cold atoms in optical lattices are discussed, with an emphasis of their usefulness for quantum information processing and quantum computing.

Route to turbulence in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate

“…The action of an external alternating field can be shown to be equivalent, on average, to the action of an external spatially random potential [32]. For an equilibrium sys- tem, the granular condensate appears under the increasing amplitude of the external spatially random potential [26,33]. Similarly, for a nonequilibrium system, subject to the action of an alternating field, the granular state arises under the increasing value of the energy pumped into the system.…”

Equilibration and prethermalization in the Bose-Hubbard and Fermi-Hubbard models

“…This motivates the study of non-integrable models, such as the Bose-Hubbard model and Fermi-Hubbard model in more than one dimension considered here. The models are prototypical examples for simple and yet nontrivial lattice Hamiltonians and can also be realized experimentally, for example, with ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices [19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Enhancing laser sideband cooling in one-dimensional optical lattices via the dipole interaction

“…The resulting ultracold atoms can be made into a Bose-Einstein condensate [5,6]. They can also be put into an optical lattice (an optical standing wave forming a periodic potential [10][11][12]), where they can be used for quantum simulation of condensed matter systems [12], or potentially for quantum information processing [10]. However, laser cooling does have limitations, which often require it to be followed by the loss of ∼ 99 − 99.9% of the atoms by evaporative cooling [5,6].…”