Cold cracking of structural steel weldments as reversible hydrogen embrittlement effect

Shvachko, V. I.

doi:10.1016/s0360-3199(99)00058-0

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] However, generally accepted mechanisms of hydrogen-induced degradation have not yet been established due to the quite contradictory experimental results obtained by different research groups worldwide. Despite the debate about the intrinsic effects of hydrogen, the influence of hydrogen on deformation processes of low-or middle-strength materials is generally agreed to be closely associated with the behavior of dislocations in materials at the microscopic level, irrespective of the macroscopic effects of hydrogen on the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-involved tensile and cyclic deformation behavior of low-alloy pressure vessel steel

Katada

Kim

et al. 2004

Metall Mater Trans A

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The temperature-and strain-rate-dependent tensile behavior of hydrogen-charged low-alloy pressure vessel steel ASTM A508 C1.3 has been investigated. The fatigue crack initiation and propagation behavior of the steel in high-temperature water environments has also been evaluated. It was found that hydrogen played significant roles in both tensile and cyclic deformation processes, especially in the temperature and strain-rate region of dynamic strain aging (DSA). The presence of hydrogen resulted in a distinct softening in tensile strength and a certain loss in tensile ductility in the DSA region. Remarkable degradation in fatigue crack initiation and propagation resistance in high-temperature water environments was observed in the DSA strain-rate region. Typical hydrogen-induced cracking features also appeared on the corresponding fatigue fracture surfaces. The interactions between hydrogen and DSA in tensile and cyclic deformation processes are discussed as well as their combined effects on the environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) mechanism of pressure vessel steels in high-temperature water environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-involved tensile and cyclic deformation behavior of low-alloy pressure vessel steel

Katada

Kim

et al. 2004

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Carbon steels are also used as pipes due to their high strength, high toughness to improve transportation efficiency under high pressure and high temperature conditions. However, carbon steels are very vulnerable to hydrogen embrittlement (HE) when exposed to a hydrogen containing environment, which leads to internal cracks in the materials and unpredictable failure of the materials under lower stress [1][2]. Therefore, prediction of the long term service behavior of the carbon steel products under hydrogen environment has become inevitably important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of friction stir welded high carbon steel plates

Yangshan

Fujii

2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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The hydrogen embrittlement of the friction stir welded high carbon steel plates was evaluated by the cathodic hydrogen charging method. The welding was performed below Ac1 transformation point and therefore the stir zone of the welds contained refined ferrite matrix distributed with cementite particles. After hydrogen charging for 4 hours, large quantities of irreversible dome-shaped blisters were formed on the surface of the base metal. However, no blisters were observed in the stir zone even after charging for 16 hours. In addition, hydrogen-induced internal cracks were formed throughout the thickness of the base metal. But the development of the internal cracks in the base metal was restricted when getting close to the stir zone. The hydrogen charged stir zone showed less reduction of ductility than the base metal during tensile testing, which reveals that the friction stir welded steel joints showed higher resistance to hydrogen embrittelment than base metal.

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“…and p 0V i is the same as in Eq. [2]. Since the time evolution of vacancies and vacancy clusters brings about the change of N V i , we incorporated the effect to the model by adding the term…”

Section: A Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HYDROGEN embrittlement (HE) is known as one cause of delayed fracture of high-strength steels and cold cracking of weld alloys. [1][2][3][4] As is widely known, in HE, H atoms gather at the location of stress concentration resulting from tensile stress or residual stress and lead to toughness degradation in materials by promoting the production of defects and/or by weakening the strength of atomic bonds, and then the toughness degradation causes cracks or fractures. [5,6] In recent years, it has been reported that defects are formed in tempered martensitic steels to which elastic stress is applied during charging with H atoms (H charging); this is referred to as H-enhanced lattice defect formation [7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Interpretation of Hydrogen Thermal Desorption Spectra for Iron with Hydrogen-Enhanced Strain-Induced Vacancies

Ebihara

Sugiyama

Matsumoto

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans A

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We obtained thermal desorption spectra of hydrogen for a small-size iron specimen to which strain was applied during charging with hydrogen atoms. In the spectra, a shoulder-shaped peak in the high-temperature side was enhanced compared with the spectra of the specimen to which only strain was applied. We also observed that the peak almost disappeared by aging processes at ≥ 373 K. Then, assuming that the shoulder-shaped peak results from hydrogen atoms released by vacancies, we simulated the thermal desorption spectra using a model incorporating the behavior of vacancies and vacancy clusters. The model considered up to vacancy cluster $${{V_9}}$$ V 9 , which is composed of nine vacancies, and employed the parameters based on atomistic calculations, including the H trapping energy of vacancies and vacancy clusters that we estimated using the molecular static calculation. As a result, we revealed that the model could, on the whole, reproduce the experimental spectra, except two characteristic differences, and also the dependence of the spectra on the aging temperature. By examining the cause of the differences, the possibilities that the diffusion of clusters of $${V_2}$$ V 2 and $${V_3}$$ V 3 is slower than the model and that vacancy clusters are generated by applying strain and H charging concurrently were indicated.

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Cold cracking of structural steel weldments as reversible hydrogen embrittlement effect

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Hydrogen-involved tensile and cyclic deformation behavior of low-alloy pressure vessel steel

Hydrogen-involved tensile and cyclic deformation behavior of low-alloy pressure vessel steel

Improved resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of friction stir welded high carbon steel plates

Numerical Interpretation of Hydrogen Thermal Desorption Spectra for Iron with Hydrogen-Enhanced Strain-Induced Vacancies

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