Cold-sprayed aluminum capacitors on leadframes for 3D power packaging

Banerjee, Reshmi; John, Denny; Zhang, Cheng; Agarwal, Arvind; Raj, P.M.

doi:10.1109/3d-peim55914.2023.10052633

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…One prominent effect is the decrease in capacitance at lower temperatures. The dielectric oxide layer on the aluminum anode tends to thicken, reducing the effective surface area and decreasing capacitance [8][9][10][11]. Additionally, the capacitors' equivalent series resistance (ESR) tends to increase in cold conditions, impacting their overall impedance characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANN-Based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments

Jeong,

Kareem,

Song

et al. 2023

Energies

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Due to their substantial energy density and economical pricing, switching-mode power supplies (SMPSs) often utilize electrolytic capacitors. However, their ability to function at low temperatures is essential for dependable operation in several sectors, including telecommunications, automotive, and aerospace. This study includes an experimental evaluation of how well standard SMPS electrolytic capacitors operate at low temperatures. This paper investigates the suitability of standard electrolytic capacitors used in switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs) for low-temperature applications. The experimental evaluation exposed the capacitors to temperatures ranging from −5 °C to −40 °C, assessing capacitance (Cp), impedance (Z), dissipation factor (DF), and equivalent series resistance (ESR) at each temperature. The capacitor’s time-domain electrical signals were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient to extract discriminative features. These features were input into an artificial neural network (ANN) for training and testing. The results indicated a significant impact of low temperatures on capacitor performance. Capacitance decreased with lower temperatures, while the ESR and leakage current increased, affecting stability and efficiency. Impedance was a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying potential capacitor failure, showing a 98.44% accuracy drop at −5 °C and 88.75% at the peak temperature, indicating proximity to the manufacturer’s specified limit. The study suggests further research and development to improve the performance of electrolytic capacitors in SMPS systems under cold conditions, aiming to boost efficiency and reliability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ANN-Based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments

Jeong,

Kareem,

Song

et al. 2023

Energies

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show abstract

Devitrification-Induced Tailoring of Microstructure and Strength in Aluminum High-Entropy Alloy Powder for Cold Spray Deposition

John,

Sousa,

Paul

et al. 2024

J Therm Spray Tech

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ANN-based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments

Jeong¹,

Kareem²,

Song³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) often utilize electrolytic capacitors due to their substantial energy density and economical pricing. However, their ability to function at low temperatures is essential for dependable operation in several sectors, including telecommunications, automotive, and aerospace. This study includes an experimental evaluation of how well standard SMPS electrolytic capacitors operate at low temperatures. This paper investigates the suitability of standard electrolytic capacitors used in switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) for low-temperature applications. The experimental evaluation exposed the capacitors to temperatures ranging from - 5 ∘C to - 40 ∘C, assessing capacitance (Cp), impedance (Z), dissipation factor (DF), and equivalent series resistance (ESR) at each temperature. The capacitor’s time-domain electrical signals were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient to extract discriminative features. These features were input into an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for training and testing. Results indicated a significant impact of low temperatures on capacitor performance. Capacitance decreased with lower temperatures, while ESR and leakage current increased, affecting stability and efficiency. Impedance proved to be a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying potential capacitor failure, showing a 98.44% accuracy drop at - 5 degrees and 88.75% at the peak temperature, indicating proximity to the manufacturer’s specified limit. The study suggests further research and development to improve electrolytic capacitors’ performance in SMPS systems under cold conditions to enhance efficiency and reliability.

show abstract

Cold-sprayed aluminum capacitors on leadframes for 3D power packaging

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

ANN-Based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments

ANN-Based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments

Devitrification-Induced Tailoring of Microstructure and Strength in Aluminum High-Entropy Alloy Powder for Cold Spray Deposition

ANN-based Reliability Enhancement of SMPS Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors in Cold Environments

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