Cold-Stop and Lyot Stop Designs for a New InfraredExoplanet Imager at Keck Observatory

Li, Jialin; Skemer, Andrew

doi:10.1117/12.2594317

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…While poppy does not have the option to directly model the vector vortex coronagraph that will be integrated into SCALES, we insert a a Lyot-style coronagraph with a 6λ/D diameter circular top-hat occulter (3λ/D inner working angle) and a Lyot stop designed to match the shape of the Keck pupil 12 to approximate the starlight suppression of a more sophisticated coronagraph. The top panel of Figure 10 shows the unsuppressed PSF, and the middle panel shows the PSF with the majority of on-axis light blocked by the coronagraph.…”

Section: Simulating the Scales Psf And Limitations On Contrast Perfor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of diamond-turned optics for SCALES

Kain,

Hinz,

Doetz

et al. 2023

Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI

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High-contrast imaging has been used to discover and characterize dozens of exoplanets to date. The primary limiting performance factor for these instruments is contrast, the ratio of exoplanet to host star brightness that an instrument can successfully resolve. Contrast is largely determined by wavefront error, consisting of uncorrected atmospheric turbulence and optical aberrations downstream of AO correction. Single-point diamond turning allows for high-precision optics to be manufactured for use in astronomical instrumentation, presenting a cheaper and more versatile alternative to conventional glass polishing. This work presents measurements of wavefront error for diamond-turned aluminum optics in the Slicer Combined with an Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES) instrument, a 2-5 micron coronagraphic integral field spectrograph under construction for Keck Observatory. Wavefront error measurements for these optics are used to simulate SCALES' point spread function using physical optics propagation software poppy, showing that SCALES' contrast performance is not limited by wavefront error from internal instrument optics.

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Section: Simulating the Scales Psf And Limitations On Contrast Perfor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of diamond-turned optics for SCALES

Kain,

Hinz,

Doetz

et al. 2023

Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets XI

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“…The entire instrument is to be assembled on an optical bench, vacuumed and cooled to cryogenic temperatures (77 K). Many system level details of the IFS baseline instrument are covered in previous publications [11][12][13][14]. Full description of the optical design of the SCALES can be found in R. Kupke's paper (# 12184-159) appeared in the current proceedings [15].…”

Section: Instrument Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 provides the Keck II pupil dimensions at various locations inside the SCALES [14]. For alignment purpose, the pupil image at the cold stop plane has to be re-imaged on the detector.…”

Section: Pupil Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6. The dimensions of secondary obscuration, the spider arms and the outer mask are slightly oversized to account for the the Keck II pupil nutation which is approximately 1% of the diameter of the primary mirror [14]. For the finalized cold-stop and Lyot stop design, readers can also refer to Jialin Li's paper in these proceedings [17].…”

Section: Cold-stop Rotation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of an IR imaging channel for the Keck Observatory SCALES instrument

Banyal

Hasan

Kupke

et al. 2022

Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation V

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A next-generation instrument named, Slicer Combined with Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES), is being planned for the W. M. Keck Observatory. SCALES will have an integral field spectrograph (IFS) and a diffraction-limited imaging channel to discover and spectrally characterize the directly imaged exoplanets. Operating at thermal infrared wavelengths (1-5 µm, and a goal of 0.6-5 µm), the imaging channel of the SCALES is designed to cover a 12 × 12 field of view with low distortions and high throughput. Apart from expanding the mid-infrared science cases and providing a potential upgrade/alternative for the NIRC2, the H2RG detector of the imaging channel can take high-resolution images of the pupil to aid the alignment process. Further, the imaging camera would also assist in small field acquisition for the IFS arm. In this work, we present the optomechanical design of the imager and evaluate its capabilities and performances.

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“…One cold stop design and three Lyot stop designs that has taken pupil nutation into account through the modeling of throughput and background emission for SCALES were proposed. 2 The optimal geometric designs for the cold stop and Lyot stop assuming 2% pupil nutation are shown respectively in the left and right of Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of pupil masks for a new infrared exoplanet imager at Keck Observatory

Skemer

Kooten

et al. 2022

Adaptive Optics Systems VIII

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The Slicer Combined with Array of Lenslets for Exoplanet Spectroscopy (SCALES) is an instrument being designed to perform direct imaging of exoplanets in the mid-infrared (2-5 µm) with the Adaptive Optics System of W.M. Keck Observatory. To eliminate unwanted thermal infrared radiation, SCALES utilizes both a cold stop for excluding background radiation and a vector vortex coronagraph with Lyot stops for starlight suppression. Optimal geometric masks have been designed. We simulate the propagation of light through the Lyot plane and analyze the on-axis images of stars in the K, L, and M band for the performance of the Lyot stops. Additionally, finalized cold stop and Lyot stop designs are presented along with evaluations on the effects of manufacturing tolerances and tilt in pupil planes caused by off-axis parabolic mirror relays.

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Cold-Stop and Lyot Stop Designs for a New InfraredExoplanet Imager at Keck Observatory

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Characterization of diamond-turned optics for SCALES

Characterization of diamond-turned optics for SCALES

Design of an IR imaging channel for the Keck Observatory SCALES instrument

Fabrication of pupil masks for a new infrared exoplanet imager at Keck Observatory

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