These strategies were grouped into high frequency strategies, mid frequency strategies, and low frequency strategies. The distributions of the strategies identified are high frequency strategies including code switching (36.28%), time-gaining strategies (30.37%), and appeal for help (16.03%), mid frequency strategies including non-linguistic signal (6.32%) and literal translation (4.64%), and low frequency strategies including message abandonment (2.53%), topic avoidance (2.11%), circumlocution (0.84%), and approximation (0.84%), and non-existence strategies (use of all purpose words, word coinage, and foreignizing).