Collagens play an important structural role and contribute to the mechanical properties, organization and shape of tissues. In musculoskeletal system diseases (MSD), the amount of type II collagen in the cartilage extracellular matrix significantly decreases. Degradation and reduction of type II collagen are associated with osteoarthritis (OA). At present, SYSADOA (Symptomatic Slow Acting Drugs for Osteoarthritis) are widely used in the treatment of OA for oral and parenteral use. Besides, increased attention has been paid to the new treatment methods for OA based on a new promising type II collagen molecule: undenatured (UC-II) and hydrolyzed (HC-II) collagen. UC-II is a native collagen (fibrillar protein with a molecular weight of 300 kDa), whereas HC-II is a polypeptide (molecular weight of 2–9 kDa). The article describes the molecular mechanisms of action of UC-II and HC-II, and identifies the main differences between them. The diverse mechanism of action of the described collagen types determines their clinical use: UC-II is prescribed mainly in MSD, in particular OA, and HC-II is mainly used in cosmetology, as well as in MSD. The article also presents the study results demonstrating the safety and efficacy of drugs and dietary supplements containing UC-II and HC-II in relieving pain syndrome during OA. KEYWORDS: undenatured type II collagen native collagen, hydrolyzed collagen, collagen peptides, SYSADOA, pain syndrome, osteoarthritis. FOR CITATION: Shavlovskaya O.A., Bokova I.A., Romanov I.D., Shavlovsky N.I. Efficacy of undenatured and hydrolyzed type II collagen in the treatment of pain syndrome. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(10):571–575 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-10-571-575.