Collapsibility of Gypseous Soil Treated with Pectin-Biopolymer through Leaching

Abstract

Gypsum reinforcement in dry soil provides activity resistance. It quickly becomes a source of danger in the conditions of partial and complete soaking of gypsum soil as a result of the dissolution of gypsum, which poses a great danger to the structures built on this soil. The danger increases when water flows through it and works to leach the soil, which leads to the loss of its mass by leaching gypsum. The soil is chemically and mechanically improved to enhance its geotechnical properties, but despite its great advantages in strengthening, it has significant negative effects on the ecosystem, so the use of environmentally friendly materials is essential. Pectin was selected as an improved biopolymer and added at three different contents (0.5, 1, and 2)% to create a soil mixture and at four different gypsum contents (10, 20, 40, and 62%) to evaluate the chemical and mechanical properties of the improved mixture. Develop an engineering model to leach the soil and pectin mixture. The results showed a significant decrease in CH and CP. values due to biogel encapsulation of soil particles and pore filling properties. The percentage decrease in the values of (CH) reaches (0.67, 73, 75, and 68%) for soils 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. After soil (1, 2, 3, and 4), CP values decreased in percent (0.63, 0.63, 0.65, and 0.7%). TDS decreased at a biopolymer content of 2% from 1050, 1200, 2200, and 2500 mg/ml to 320, 540, 468, and 570 mg/ml of soils 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

Study of the Impact Irregular Concrete Facilities with the Shear Walls Based: The Effect of Soil-Structure Interaction with ABAQUS Software

“…It was discovered that taking into account of interaction between soil and structure performance when compared to the fixed-base case could significantly impact the projected effectiveness of constructions established on porous soils, generating a significant change in time [11]. According to [12], who additionally pointed out the important function of the connection between soil and structure according to unpredictable or linear soil behaviour in modifying and influencing the fragility curves of condominiums fixed-base concrete-reinforced structures, the fixed-base framework theories may produce unreliable results. However, it should be understood that the elimination of the structural distortion requirements comes at the expense of increased overall changes due to the interaction between soil and structure in aggregate.…”

“…Figs [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. shows the ratio of bearing capacity to displacement of the roof of a 3-story structure, 6-story structure and 9-story structure, respectively.…”

Shear Strength Durability Investigation for Gypseous Soil Enhanced by Pectin Biopolymer

“…Compared to the two biopolymers in terms of durability, xanthan gum was more effective and stable than casein biopolymer. Hussein et al [10] studied improving gypseous soil by adding pectin biopolymer in different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) to four soil samples that have a gypsum content of 10%, 20%, 40%, and 62%. The chemical and mechanical properties of the soil-pectin mixture were investigated.…”