Collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis secondary to COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction: The renal system manifestations of coronavirus disease-2019 have been documented extensively; however, scientific literature remains scarce regarding collapsing glomerulopathy hence the need for this investigation. Methods: A comprehensive review was conducted covering a timeline from 1 January 2020 to 5 February 2022 without any restrictions. The data extraction was conducted independently, and articles were assessed for the risk of bias. Data analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.3.070 and RevMan version 5.4 for pooled proportions and risk ratio (RR) between dialysis-dependent and independent treatment groups with a P-value less than 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 38 studies were included in this review, including 74 (65.9%) males. The mean age was 54.2 years old. The most common symptoms reported were related to the respiratory system (59.6%, 95% CI: 50.4–68.2%) and hematuria (34.2%, 95% CI: 26.1–43.4). Antibiotics (25.9%, 95% CI: 12.9–45.3%) was the commonest management used. Proteinuria was the most reported laboratory finding at 89.5% (95% CI: 82.4–93.9%), while the commonest microscopic finding was acute tubular injury (77.2%, 95% CI: 68.6–84.0%). An increased risk of the presence of symptoms (P=0.005) and microscopic findings (P=0.0003) related to collapsing glomerulopathy in dialysis-dependent group was noted with increased management (P=0.01) used in this group for coronavirus disease-2019 infection. Conclusion: The findings of this study portray the prognostic value of the variables (symptoms and microscopic findings, etc.) reported in the analysis. Hence this study serves as a foundation for future investigations that minimize the study’s limitations to provide a more robust conclusion.

The risks of autoimmune- and inflammatory post-acute COVID-19 conditions: a network cohort study in six European countries, the US, and Korea

“…[12–15] Additionally, the emergence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in children (MIS-C) and adults (MIS-A) underscores the diverse inflammatory responses elicited by the virus. [16] Finally, COVID-19 has been shown to trigger dysregulated immune responses, including the production of autoantibodies and the activation of inflammatory pathways, which may predispose individuals to the development or exacerbation of autoimmune conditions. [17] Observational research suggests positive associations of COVID-19 with inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), or systemic lupus erythematosus.…”