Collateral Effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits in Korea

Cho, Yeon-Joo; Yeo, In Hwan; Lee, Dong Eun; Kim, Jong-Kun; Kim, Yun Jeong; Kim, Chang‐Ho; Choe, Jae Young; Park, Jung-Bae; Seo, KangSuk; Yu, Byunghyuk; Lee, Won-Kee

doi:10.3390/medicina59010090

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant adverse collateral impact on the operation of emergency departments. For example, Cho et al, in the case of Korean emergency department patients, identified collateral impact on the emergency department patients in the form of increased in-house mortality during the pandemic [ 35 ]. In their conclusions, they recommend that further investigation should be performed to analyze the causes of the increased fatality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Patient Infection Rate on Emergency Department Patient Flow: Hybrid Simulation Study in a Norwegian Case

2023

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The COVID-19 pandemic put emergency departments all over the world under severe and unprecedented distress. Previous methods of evaluating patient flow impact, such as in-situ simulation, tabletop studies, etc., in a rapidly evolving pandemic are prohibitively impractical, time-consuming, costly, and inflexible. For instance, it is challenging to study the patient flow in the emergency department under different infection rates and get insights using in-situ simulation and tabletop studies. Despite circumventing many of these challenges, the simulation modeling approach and hybrid agent-based modeling stand underutilized. This study investigates the impact of increased patient infection rate on the emergency department patient flow by using a developed hybrid agent-based simulation model. This study reports findings on the patient infection rate in different emergency department patient flow configurations. This study’s results quantify and demonstrate that an increase in patient infection rate will lead to an incremental deterioration of the patient flow metrics average length of stay and crowding within the emergency department, especially if the waiting functions are introduced. Along with other findings, it is concluded that waiting functions, including the waiting zone, make the single average length of stay an ineffective measure as it creates a multinomial distribution of several tendencies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Patient Infection Rate on Emergency Department Patient Flow: Hybrid Simulation Study in a Norwegian Case

2023

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The long-run effect of COVID-19 on hospital emergency department attendances:evidence from statistical analysis of hospital data from England

Jacob,

Santos,

Sivey

2024

Health Policy

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Changes in emergency department visits and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis of 956 hospitals

Razimoghadam,

Yaseri,

Effatpanah

et al. 2024

Arch Public Health

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Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, many non-COVID-19 emergency department (ED) visits were indirectly affected. ED visits and mortality were assessed during different pandemic time periods compared with pre-pandemic. Methods The study used data from 41 million Iran Health Insurance Organization members. The outcomes were non-COVID-19 ED visits and associated mortality in 956 hospitals. An analysis of ED visits was conducted both for all-cause and cause-specific conditions: cardiovascular diseases (CVD), mental and substance use disorders, unintentional injuries, and self-harm. In addition, total in-hospital ED mortality was analyzed. A negative binomial regression and a Poisson regression with a log link were used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of visits and mortality relative risk (RR). Results 1,789,831 ED visits and 12,377 deaths were reported during the study. Pre-pandemic (Sep 2019 to Feb 2020), there were 2,767 non-COVID-19 visits rate per million person-month, which decreased to 1,884 during the first COVID-19 wave with a national lockdown from Feb 20 to Apr 19, 2020 (IRR 0.68, [0.56–0.84]). The non-COVID-19 ED mortality risk was 8.17 per 1,000 visit-month during the pre-pandemic period, rising to 12.80 during the first wave of COVID-19 (RR 1.57, [1.49–165]). Non-COVID-19 ED visit rates decreased during the first pandemic year from Sep 2020 to Feb 2021 (IRR 0.73, [0.63–0.86]), but increased after COVID-19 vaccination two years later from Sep 2021 to Feb 2022 (IRR 1.11, [0.96–0.17]). The total ED mortality risk for non-COVID-19 was significantly higher after the COVID-19 outbreak in the first (RR 1.66, [1.59–1.72]) and second years (RR 1.27, [1.22–1.32]) of the pandemic. The visit incidence rate for mental health and substance use disorders declined from 8.18 per million person-month to 4.57 (IRR 0.53, [0.32 to 0.90]) in the first wave. In the second year, unintentional injury visits increased significantly compared with pre-pandemic (IRR 1.63, [1.30–2.03]). As compared to before the pandemic, there was no significant change in CVD and self-harm visit rates during the pandemic. Cardiac arrest was the leading cause of death in Iran hospitals’ EDs. Conclusion In the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-COVID-19 hospital ED visits declined and mortality risk increased. Despite two years since the COVID-19 outbreak, non-COVID-19 ED mortality risk remains high.

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Collateral Effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Emergency Department Visits in Korea

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

The Impact of Patient Infection Rate on Emergency Department Patient Flow: Hybrid Simulation Study in a Norwegian Case

The Impact of Patient Infection Rate on Emergency Department Patient Flow: Hybrid Simulation Study in a Norwegian Case

The long-run effect of COVID-19 on hospital emergency department attendances:evidence from statistical analysis of hospital data from England

Changes in emergency department visits and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis of 956 hospitals

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