Collecting Agent–Mineral Interactions in the Reverse Flotation of Iron Ore: A Brief Review

Fan, Guixia; Wang, Liguang; Cao, Yijun; Li, Chao

doi:10.3390/min10080681

Cited by 48 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The zeta potential measurement results of pure minerals as a function of pH indicated (Figures 5-7) that the point of zero charges (pzc) of pure biotite, phlogopite, and quartz occurred around pH 2. Similar results were reported in other investigations (Table 2) [10,13,24,37,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. EDA solution (30 mg/dm 3 ) exhibited a positive charge over a wide pH range (Figures 5-7) which is associated with its cationic active species, e.g., aminium ion, RNH3+, and dimerization of aminium ions: (RNH3)2+.…”

Section: Residual Surface Tensionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Ether Mono Amine Collector on the Cationic Flotation of Micaceous Minerals—A Comparative Study

et al. 2021

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Micaceous minerals, known as layer silicates, are counted mostly as the gangue minerals associated with valuable minerals, especially iron oxides. They mainly reject through the reverse flotation process using the cationic collectors, e.g., ether amines, to improve process sustainability. Although ether amines have been applied for floating the wide range of silicates, few investigations explored their adsorption behaviors on the micaceous minerals. In this study, flotation of phlogopite, biotite, and quartz (for comparison purposes) in the presence of Flotigam®EDA (EDA) (commercial ether monoamine collector), at pH 10 was investigated through the single mineral micro–flotation experiments. Adsorption behaviors were explored by the contact angle, residual surface tension measurements, and zeta potential analyses. Micro–flotation outcomes indicated that the quartz floatability was more than phlogopite and biotite. In the presence of 30 mg/dm3 EDA, their recoveries were 97.1, 46.3, and 63.8%, respectively. Increasing EDA concentration made a substantial increase in micaceous minerals’ floatability. Adsorption assessments confirmed that increasing the EDA concentration resulted in higher adsorption of EDA onto the surface of micaceous minerals than the quartz (all by physical adsorption). Such a behavior could be related to the nature of micaceous minerals, including their layer structure and low hardness.

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Section: Residual Surface Tensionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of Ether Mono Amine Collector on the Cationic Flotation of Micaceous Minerals—A Comparative Study

et al. 2021

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“…Anionic collectors' adsorption mechanisms such as sodium oleate onto apatite and hematite surfaces were widely reported as chemical adsorption. [46,47] Negatively shifted surface charge of these minerals confirms such an interaction.…”

Section: Zeta Potential Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Based on the fact that CaO exists in the chemical structure of SCS, there is a strong possibility of adsorption of dissolved Ca cations (Ca 2+ and Ca(OH) + forms) on the quartz surface. [47,48] Thus, the noticeable changes in the quartz functional group (900-1200 cm −1 ) can also be attributed to the interaction of calcium ions with the quartz's surface, which requires further investigation with more detailed analyses.…”

Section: Quartzmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study between the adsorption mechanisms of sodium co-silicate and conventional depressants for the reverse anionic hematite flotation

Tohry

Dehghan

Hatefi

et al. 2021

Separation Science and Technology

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Starch, dextrin, sodium silicate (SS), and recently sodium co-silicate (SCS) are the most known depressants for the depression of iron oxides through the traditional reverse flotation. However, all these depressants' adsorption mechanisms on the surface of iron oxides and their main associated minerals (silicate and phosphates) through the reverse anionic flotation did not yet been thoroughly investigated. For filling this gap, as a comparative investigation, this study implemented Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential measurement, and micro-flotation tests to determine the adsorption mechanisms of these depressants and explored their effects on the floatabilities of pure hematite, quartz, and fluorapatite. Micro-flotation test results illustrated that all the examined depressants could depress hematite in the presence of an anionic collector. Still, the efficiencies of SS and SCS were higher than those of starch and dextrin. SCS had the lowest depression effect on quartz, and fluorapatite floatability compared to other depressants. Surface analyses depicted that dextrin and starch decreased the collector adsorption on the fluorapatite surface, where SCS and SS had a negligible effect on its floatability. The co-existence of physical and chemical bonds created between dextrin/starch and fluorapatite was the reason for its depression through the anionic reverse flotation.

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“…Cationic amine species adsorb on the quartz surface by an electrostatic attraction mechanism and immobilization by formation of hemimicelles as proposed by Fuerstenau and Palmer (1975) and still presently accepted (Baltar, 2021). Studies by Zhang and Somasundaran (2006), Huang et al (2014) and Fan et al (2020) reported that increasing in collector concentration possibly causes the formation of a complete bilayer resulting in a surfactant concentration close to or equal to the critical hemimicelle concentration (CHC), thus reversal in the charge of the mineral surface occurs, rendering it hydrophilic again and consequently decreasing the mineral floatability. This effect was not observed for ethermonoamine in the evaluated concentrations.…”

Section: Effect Of Etheramines and Their Mixture In Depressant Absencementioning

confidence: 99%

Collector mixtures and their synergistic effect on quartz floatability

et al. 2022

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Sinergy is the interaction of two or more agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects. Etherdiamine yields superior results for quartz floatability in a Hallimond tube and higher selectivity in the reverse bench scale cationic flotation of an iron ore, when compared to ethermonoamine. Blending these collectors yields better results than each one used individually characterizing a synergistic effect. This work evaluated the effects of the collectors ethermonoamine, etherdiamine and the mixture of these at the ratio 1:1 on the flotation of the quartz through the microflotation and bench flotation tests with a typical Brazilian iron ore. The results demonstrated the occurrence of synergistic effects in tests performed at concentrations of 1 and 3 mg/L and pH 10.5, in the absence of a depressant. In the presence of a depressant, the synergy was not observed under the same tested conditions, due to the collector-depressant interaction. On other hand, the bench flotation tests indicated the occurrence of synergy regarding silica content in the concentrate while an additive effect was observed for the iron recovery and Selectivity Index index demonstrating that a feasibility of using collector mixtures in this process, was not clearly achieved on the tested ratio 1:1.

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Collecting Agent–Mineral Interactions in the Reverse Flotation of Iron Ore: A Brief Review

Cited by 48 publications

References 92 publications

Effect of Ether Mono Amine Collector on the Cationic Flotation of Micaceous Minerals—A Comparative Study

Effect of Ether Mono Amine Collector on the Cationic Flotation of Micaceous Minerals—A Comparative Study

A comparative study between the adsorption mechanisms of sodium co-silicate and conventional depressants for the reverse anionic hematite flotation

Collector mixtures and their synergistic effect on quartz floatability

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