Collection, analysis, and age-dating of sediment cores from 56 U.S. lakes and reservoirs sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992-2001

Metre, Peter C. Van; Wilson, Jennifer T.; Fuller, Christopher C.; Callender, Edward; Mahler, Barbara J.

doi:10.3133/sir20045184

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Subsections of all the cores were analyzed at the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, California, for 137 Cs, 210 Pb, and 226 Ra to assign dates to core profiles. Activities of total 210 Pb, 226 Ra, and 137 Cs were measured simultaneously by gamma spectrometry as described in Baskaran and Naidu (), Fuller et al (), and van Metre et al (). Subsamples of dried peat samples were counted using a high‐resolution intrinsic germanium well detector gamma spectrometer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and Uncertainty of Recent Carbon Accumulation and Vertical Accretion in Drained and Undrained Forested Peatlands of the Southeastern USA

et al. 2017

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The purpose of this study was to determine how drainage impacts carbon densities and recent rates (past 50 years) of vertical accretion and carbon accumulation in southeastern forested peatlands. We compared these parameters in drained maple‐gum (MAPL), Atlantic white cedar (CDR), and pocosin (POC) communities in the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge (GDS) of Virginia/North Carolina and in an intact (undrained) CDR swamp in the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge (AR) of North Carolina. Peat cores were analyzed for bulk density, percent organic carbon, and 137Cs and 210Pb. An uncertainty analysis of both 137Cs and 210Pb approaches was used to constrain error at least partially related to mobility of both radioisotopes. GDS peats had lower porosities (89.6% (SD = 1.71) versus 95.3% (0.18)) and higher carbon densities (0.082 (0.021) versus 0.037 (0.009) g C cm−3) than AR. Vertical accretion rates (0.10–0.56 cm yr−1) were used to estimate a time period of ~84–362 years for reestablishment of peat lost during the 2011 Lateral West fire at the GDS. Carbon accumulation rates ranged from 51 to 389 g C m−2 yr−1 for all sites. In the drained (GDS) versus intact (AR) CDR sites, carbon accumulation rates were similar with 137Cs (87GDS versus 92AR g C m−2 yr−1) and somewhat less at the GDS than AR as determined with 210Pb (111GDS versus 159AR g C m−2 yr−1). Heightened productivity and high polyphenol content of peat may be responsible for similar rates of carbon accumulation in both drained and intact CDR peatlands.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and Uncertainty of Recent Carbon Accumulation and Vertical Accretion in Drained and Undrained Forested Peatlands of the Southeastern USA

et al. 2017

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“…DDT or its derivatives have persisted in the environment and have been measured in sediment cores37. The amount and input of DDT into the environment was calculated based on dated sediment measurements from five lakes or bays in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and California provided by the US Geological Survey38. The sediment data were available for 6–14 years dispersed between 1940 and 2004 depending on the sampling location.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic impacts on mosquito populations in North America over the past century

et al. 2016

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The recent emergence and spread of vector-borne viruses including Zika, chikungunya and dengue has raised concerns that climate change may cause mosquito vectors of these diseases to expand into more temperate regions. However, the long-term impact of other anthropogenic factors on mosquito abundance and distributions is less studied. Here, we show that anthropogenic chemical use (DDT; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and increasing urbanization were the strongest drivers of changes in mosquito populations over the last eight decades in areas on both coasts of North America. Mosquito populations have increased as much as tenfold, and mosquito communities have become two- to fourfold richer over the last five decades. These increases are correlated with the decay in residual environmental DDT concentrations and growing human populations, but not with temperature. These results illustrate the far-reaching impacts of multiple anthropogenic disturbances on animal communities and suggest that interactions between land use and chemical use may have unforeseen consequences on ecosystems.

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“…The 35 lakes are a subset of 58 lakes sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey between 1992 and 2001 [18]. The 35 lakes presented here (Table 1) were selected because they are representative of target land‐use settings (urban and reference), their sediment‐core profiles do not appear to be unduly affected by diagenesis and postdepositional sediment mixing, and the age‐control for the cores was judged to be reliable for trend testing of the 35‐year period of interest (see Van Metre et al [18] for a detailed discussion of methods and age‐dating). Land use in the watersheds was categorized as dense urban (>52% urban land use; 13 lakes), light urban (6–43% urban; 13 lakes), or reference (<1.5% urban; 9 lakes), as determined from the 1992 U.S. Geological Survey National Land Cover Data (http://edc.usgs.gov/products/landcover/nlcd.html).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in metals in urban and reference lake sediments across the United States, 1970 to 2001

Mahler

Metre

Callender³

2006

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Trends in metals concentrations in sediment cores from 35 reservoirs and lakes in urban and reference settings were analyzed to determine the effects of three decades of legislation, regulation, and changing demographics and industrial practices in the United States on concentrations of metals in the environment. Decreasing trends outnumber increasing trends for all seven metals analyzed (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, and Zn). The most consistent trends are for Pb and Cr: For Pb, 83% of the lakes have decreasing trends and 6% have increasing trends; for Cr, 54% of the lakes have decreasing trends and none have increasing trends. Mass accumulation rates of metals in cores, adjusted for background concentrations, decrease from the 1970s to the 1990s, with median changes ranging from -46% (Pb) to -3% (Hg and Zn). The largest decreases are from lakes in dense urban watersheds where the overall metals contamination in recently deposited sediments has decreased to one-half its 1970s median value. However, anthropogenic mass accumulation rates in dense urban lakes remain elevated over those in lakes in undeveloped watersheds, in some cases by as much as two orders of magnitude (Cr, Cu, and Zn), indicating that urban fluvial source signals can overwhelm those from regional atmospheric sources.

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Collection, analysis, and age-dating of sediment cores from 56 U.S. lakes and reservoirs sampled by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1992-2001

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

Estimation and Uncertainty of Recent Carbon Accumulation and Vertical Accretion in Drained and Undrained Forested Peatlands of the Southeastern USA

Estimation and Uncertainty of Recent Carbon Accumulation and Vertical Accretion in Drained and Undrained Forested Peatlands of the Southeastern USA

Anthropogenic impacts on mosquito populations in North America over the past century

Trends in metals in urban and reference lake sediments across the United States, 1970 to 2001

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