Collection and Analysis of Phloem Lipids

Hoffmann-Benning, Susanne

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-1362-7_19

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Their concentration has been found to be up to 5 mM in Citrus species [ 45 , 59 ]. Palmitate and oleate appear to be prevalent fatty acids, along with stearate ( Citrus , Arabidopsis ) [ 45 , 78 , 80 ] and specific oxylipins, and phospholipids were detected only when the EDTA method was used (in Arabidopsis ) [ 97 ]. It has been suggested that sap collection methods can change fatty acid composition or perhaps explain their presence in sap samples.…”

Section: Phloem Sap Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phloem Sap Composition: What Have We Learnt from Metabolomics?

Broussard

Abadie

Lalande

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Phloem sap transport is essential for plant nutrition and development since it mediates redistribution of nutrients, metabolites and signaling molecules. However, its biochemical composition is not so well-known because phloem sap sampling is difficult and does not always allow extensive chemical analysis. In the past years, efforts have been devoted to metabolomics analyses of phloem sap using either liquid chromatography or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Phloem sap metabolomics is of importance to understand how metabolites can be exchanged between plant organs and how metabolite allocation may impact plant growth and development. Here, we provide an overview of our current knowledge of phloem sap metabolome and physiological information obtained therefrom. Although metabolomics analyses of phloem sap are still not numerous, they show that metabolites present in sap are not just sugars and amino acids but that many more metabolic pathways are represented. They further suggest that metabolite exchange between source and sink organs is a general phenomenon, offering opportunities for metabolic cycles at the whole-plant scale. Such cycles reflect metabolic interdependence of plant organs and shoot–root coordination of plant growth and development.

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Section: Phloem Sap Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phloem Sap Composition: What Have We Learnt from Metabolomics?

Broussard

Abadie

Lalande

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…A total of 2-3 days later, disease symptoms were assessed by measuring the lesion size using ImageJ software [10]. The phloem exudate (PEX) collection of Arabidopsis was performed according to the previous study [24] after the leaves were infiltrated with the indicated bacteria OSUB18 (5 × 10 7 CFU/mL) for 24 h. An SAR assay was conducted according to the previous studies with minor modifications [25][26][27]. In this experiment, local leaves of the plant were initially treated with beneficial bacteria (like OSUB18) at a concentration of 1 × 10 6 CFU/mL or with a solution containing substances secreted by these bacteria, known as cell-free PEX.…”

Section: Pathogen Inoculations Phloem Exudate Collection and Sar Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Growth Promotion and Stress Tolerance Enhancement through Inoculation with Bacillus proteolyticus OSUB18

Yang,

Liu,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Biology

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The isolation of B. proteolyticus OSUB18 from switchgrass unveiled its significant potential in both the enhancement of plant growth and the suppression of plant diseases in our previous study. The elucidation of the related mechanisms governing this intricate plant–microbe interaction involved the utilization of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In our comprehensive study on Arabidopsis, OSUB18 treatment was found to significantly alter root architecture and enhance plant growth under various abiotic stresses. An RNA-seq analysis revealed that OSUB18 modified gene expression, notably upregulating the genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis and plant defense, while downregulating those related to flavonoid biosynthesis and wound response. Importantly, OSUB18 also induces systemic resistance in Arabidopsis against a spectrum of bacterial and fungal pathogens and exhibits antagonistic effects on phytopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes, highlighting its potential as a beneficial agent in plant stress management and pathogen resistance. Overall, our findings substantiate that OSUB18 exerts a stimulatory influence on plant growth and health, potentially attributed to the remodeling of root architecture, defense signaling, and the comprehensive mitigation of various biotic and abiotic stresses.

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“…), and phosphatidic acid (PA) (LBP-lipid complex?) [63] and literature therein. Recently, phospholipids have emerged as possible long-distance signals as well [64].…”

Section: Proteins In the Heterogeneous Phloem-sapmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay between Enucleated Sieve Elements and Companion Cells

Matilla

2023

Plants

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In order to adapt to sessile life and terrestrial environments, vascular plants have developed highly sophisticated cells to transport photosynthetic products and developmental signals. Of these, two distinct cell types (i.e., the sieve element (SE) and companion cell) are arranged in precise positions, thus ensuring effective transport. During SE differentiation, most of the cellular components are heavily modified or even eliminated. This peculiar differentiation implies the selective disintegration of the nucleus (i.e., enucleation) and the loss of cellular translational capacity. However, some cellular components necessary for transport (e.g., plasmalemma) are retained and specific phloem proteins (P-proteins) appear. Likewise, MYB (i.e., APL) and NAC (i.e., NAC45 and NAC86) transcription factors (TFs) and OCTOPUS proteins play a notable role in SE differentiation. The maturing SEs become heavily dependent on neighboring non-conducting companion cells, to which they are connected by plasmodesmata through which only 20–70 kDa compounds seem to be able to pass. The study of sieve tube proteins still has many gaps. However, the development of a protocol to isolate proteins that are free from any contaminating proteins has constituted an important advance. This review considers the very detailed current state of knowledge of both bound and soluble sap proteins, as well as the role played by the companion cells in their presence. Phloem proteins travel long distances by combining two modes: non-selective transport via bulk flow and selective regulated movement. One of the goals of this study is to discover how the protein content of the sieve tube is controlled. The majority of questions and approaches about the heterogeneity of phloem sap will be clarified once the morphology and physiology of the plasmodesmata have been investigated in depth. Finally, the retention of specific proteins inside an SE is an aspect that should not be forgotten.

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Collection and Analysis of Phloem Lipids

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Phloem Sap Composition: What Have We Learnt from Metabolomics?

Phloem Sap Composition: What Have We Learnt from Metabolomics?

Plant Growth Promotion and Stress Tolerance Enhancement through Inoculation with Bacillus proteolyticus OSUB18

The Interplay between Enucleated Sieve Elements and Companion Cells

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