Collective Damage Growth Controls Fault Orientation in Quasibrittle Compressive Failure

Dansereau, Véronique; Démery, Vincent; Berthier, Estelle; Weiss, Jérôme; Ponson, Laurent

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.122.085501

Cited by 25 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…11). Similarly, the fact that the ice bridges are rarely larger than 100 km (some are seen intermittently in the Kara Sea, Divine et al, 2004) indicates that the cohesion of sea ice should be smaller than 10 kN m −1 (see red curve in Fig. 11).…”

Section: Cohesionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Ice arches, however, are a seasonal feature in several locations of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Marko and Thomson, 1977;Sodhi, 1997;Melling, 2002) and are Dansereau et al (2017). also present in the Kara and Laptev seas (Divine et al, 2004;Selyuzhenok et al, 2015;Olason, 2016), where they play a role in the formation of extensive landfast ice covers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landfast sea ice material properties derived from ice bridge simulations using the Maxwell elasto-brittle rheology

et al. 2020

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Abstract. The Maxwell elasto-brittle (MEB) rheology is implemented in the Eulerian finite-difference (FD) modeling framework commonly used in classical viscous-plastic (VP) models. The role of the damage parameterization, the cornerstone of the MEB rheology, in the formation and collapse of ice arches and ice bridges in a narrow channel is investigated. Ice bridge simulations are compared with observations to derive constraints on the mechanical properties of landfast sea ice. Results show that the overall dynamical behavior documented in previous MEB models is reproduced in the FD implementation, such as the localization of the damage in space and time and the propagation of ice fractures in space at very short timescales. In the simulations, an ice arch is easily formed downstream of the channel, sustaining an ice bridge upstream. The ice bridge collapses under a critical surface forcing that depends on the material cohesion. Typical ice arch conditions observed in the Arctic are best simulated using a material cohesion in the range of 5–10 kN m−2. Upstream of the channel, fracture lines along which convergence (ridging) takes place are oriented at an angle that depends on the angle of internal friction. Their orientation, however, deviates from the Mohr–Coulomb theory. The damage parameterization is found to cause instabilities at large compressive stresses, which prevents the production of longer-term simulations required for the formation of stable ice arches upstream of the channel between these lines of fracture. Based on these results, we propose that the stress correction scheme used in the damage parameterization be modified to remove numerical instabilities.

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Section: Cohesionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landfast sea ice material properties derived from ice bridge simulations using the Maxwell elasto-brittle rheology

et al. 2020

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“…3). All fracture lines are oriented at 39 • from the y-axis, smaller than reported by Dansereau et al (2019) using a Finite Element implementation of the same model (θ =∼ 43 • ) and in the high range seen in observations (θ = ∼20-40 • Marko and Thomson, 1977;Hibler III and Schulson, 2000;Schulson, 2004;Hutter et al, 2020).…”

Section: Control Simulation: Standard Damage Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…One known difference is the fracture development associated with local damage, stress concentration and damage propagation, rather than prescribed by an associative normal flow rule as in the standard VP models. The fracture angle simulated by the MEB and standard VP models are nonetheless in the same range Dansereau et al, 2019;Hutter et al, 2020), which is larger than those derived from high-resolution satellite observations (θ = 20 − 45 and in-situ observations (θ = 20 − 30 • Marko and Thomson, 1977;Schulson, 2004). In the standard VP model, modifications of the mechanical strength parameters (compressive and shear) and the use of non-associated flow rules lead to smaller fracture angles that are more in line with observations (Ringeisen et al, 2019(Ringeisen et al, , 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In the standard VP model, modifications of the mechanical strength parameters (compressive and shear) and the use of non-associated flow rules lead to smaller fracture angles that are more in line with observations (Ringeisen et al, 2019(Ringeisen et al, , 2020. In the MEB rheology, the fracture angles can be reduced by increasing the angle of internal friction or the Poisson ratio (Dansereau et al, 2019). These sensitivities suggest that modifications to the damage parameterization could be used to bring the simulated fracture angles closer to observations, but has not yet been tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comment on tc-2020-354

2021

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A generalized damage parameterization is developed for the Maxwell Elasto-Brittle (MEB) rheology that reduces the growth of residual errors associated with the correction of super-critical stresses. In the generalized parameterization, a decohesive stress tensor is used to bring the super-critical stresses back on the yield curve based on any correction path. The sensitivity of the simulated material behaviour to the magnitude of the decohesive stress tensor is investigated in uniaxial compression simulations. Results show that while the decohesive stress tensor influences the short-term fracture deformation and orientation, the long-term post-fracture behaviour remains unchanged. Divergence first occurs when the elastic response is dominant followed by post-fracture shear and convergence when the viscous response dominates -contrary to laboratory experiment of granular flow and satellite imagery in the Arctic. The post-fracture deformations are shown to be dissociated from the fracture process itself, an important difference with classical Viscous Plastic (VP) models. Using the generalized damage parameterization together with a stress correction path normal to the yield curve brings the simulated fracture angles closer to observations (from 40 − 50 • to 35 − 45 • , compared to 20 − 30 • in observations) and reduces the growth of errors sufficiently for the production of longer-term simulations.

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Synchrotron 4D X-Ray Imaging Reveals Strain Localization at the Onset of System-Size Failure in Porous Reservoir Rocks

Kandula

McBeck

Cordonnier

et al. 2021

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Understanding the mechanisms of strain localization leading to brittle failure in reservoir rocks can shed light on geomechanical processes such as porosity and permeability evolution during rock deformation, induced seismicity, fracturing, and subsidence in geological reservoirs. We perform triaxial compression tests on three types of porous reservoir rocks to reveal the local deformation mechanisms that control system-size failure. We deformed cylindrical samples of Adamswiller sandstone (23% porosity), Bentheim sandstone (23% porosity), and Anstrude limestone (20% porosity), using an X-ray transparent triaxial deformation apparatus. This apparatus enables the acquisition of three-dimensional synchrotron X-ray images, under in situ stress conditions. Analysis of the tomograms provide 3D distributions of the microfractures and dilatant pores from which we calculated the evolving macroporosity. Digital volume correlation analysis reveals the dominant strain localization mechanisms by providing the incremental strain components of pairs of tomograms. In the three rock types, damage localized as a single shear band or by the formation of conjugate bands at failure. The porosity evolution closely matches the evolution of the incremental strain components of dilation, contraction, and shear. With increasing confinement, the dominant strain in the sandstones shifts from dilative strain (Bentheim sandstone) to contractive strain (Adamswiller sandstone). Our study also links the formation of compactive shear bands with porosity variations in Anstrude limestone, which is characterized by a complex pore geometry. Scanning electron microscopy images indicate that the microscale mechanisms guiding strain localization are pore collapse and grain crushing in sandstones, and pore collapse, pore-emanated fractures and cataclasis in limestones. Our dynamic X-ray microtomography data brings unique insights on the correlation between the evolutions of rock microstructure, porosity evolution, and macroscopic strain during the approach to brittle failure in reservoir rocks.

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Collective Damage Growth Controls Fault Orientation in Quasibrittle Compressive Failure

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

Landfast sea ice material properties derived from ice bridge simulations using the Maxwell elasto-brittle rheology

Landfast sea ice material properties derived from ice bridge simulations using the Maxwell elasto-brittle rheology

Comment on tc-2020-354

Synchrotron 4D X-Ray Imaging Reveals Strain Localization at the Onset of System-Size Failure in Porous Reservoir Rocks

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