“…In an IJJ, since the superconductor-layer thickness, t, is much smaller than the magnetic penetration length, a magnetic field (in units of T) for generating one fluxon in a finite length, L, of each junction is roughly given by 0 /((d + t)L) [13], where d is the insulator thickness and d + t is the periodicity of the IJJs, that is 1.5 nm for Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O x . For a typical size of L = 1 μm, the magnetic field required to generate a fluxon is as large as 1 T. In fact, the magnetic fields appearing in many papers that discuss magnetic field dependence of critical currents, flux-flow propagation, and flux-cavity resonance are more than 1 T [14][15][16].…”