Collective Emotions in Conflict Situations: Societal Implications

Bar‐Tal, Daniel; Halperin, Eran; Rivera, Joseph de

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00518.x

Cited by 329 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…They indicate that punishment of ingroup deviants does restore a positive social identity (e.g., Abrams, Marques, Randsley de Moura, Hutchinson, & Bown, 2004;Pinto et al, 2010), and that this occurs because it spurs trust in and commitment to the ingroup's normative system, leading to optimistic expectations about the group (cf. also Bar-Tal et al, 2007;Swann et al, 2009;Thomas, McGarthy, & Mavor, 2009). Our studies strongly suggest that by inducing the idea that the group is or is not effective in detecting and punishing ingroup offenders one may boost or sap, respectively, group members' commitment to the standards that underlie their social identity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National identification as a function of perceived social control: A subjective group dynamics analysis

Pinto

Marques

Páez

2015

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Based on subjective group dynamics theory (SGDT; e.g., Marques, Paez, & Abrams, 1998), we examine the effects of a group's ability to effectively control its deviant members on participants' ingroup identification. In Studies 1 and 2 (N = 79 and N = 173) participants were informed that the ingroup (vs. outgroup) dealt with deviant occurrences in an effective (vs. ineffective) way. As predicted, induced ingroup effectiveness generated higher ingroup identification, trust in the ingroup's social control system, and more positive emotional climate, whereas induced ingroup ineffectiveness generated more negative emotional climate or anomie and weaker ingroup identification as compared to outgroup conditions. In Study 3 (N = 115), perceived ingroup effectiveness predicted ingroup identification, via emotional climate, ingroup anomie, confidence in the group's social control system, and ingroup emotions. We discuss the results in light of SGDT and the role of perceived ingroup social control in promoting ingroup identification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National identification as a function of perceived social control: A subjective group dynamics analysis

Pinto

Marques

Páez

2015

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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“…El clima emocional ha sido definido como la emoción dominante que es percibida en los otros y que sirve como contexto psicológico e influencia para la conducta (Bar-Tal, Halperin & De Rivera, 2007). Un clima emocional negativo activaría procesos de evitación entre grupos y, por ende, restringiría el contacto social.…”

Section: El Logro De Las Funciones De Las Cvr Y Sus Potenciales Efectunclassified

Percepción del Clima Socioemocional y la Confianza Institucional en Víctimas de Violencia Política: Valoración del Impacto de la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación

et al. 2013

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Se analiza el impacto de la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación (CNVR) en el clima socioemocional, confianza institucional y valoración de los procesos de justicia transicional en una muestra intencionada de 304 víctimas de violencia política ejercida en Chile durante la dictadura. Utilizando la prueba de Student, los análisis indican que los participantes que valoran más negativamente el trabajo de la CNVR perciben un clima socioemocional menos positivo y mayor desconfianza institucional. Quienes valoran positivamente el trabajo de la CNVR creen que permitió conocer lo ocurrido e impulsar procesos de justicia, generar una historia integradora y ayudar a prevenir hechos de violencia futura, creen más en la posibilidad de perdón a los perpetradores, perciben un clima emocional positivo, mayor sinceridad de las disculpas institucionales y mayor confianza en las instituciones. Un análisis de varianza reveló que las víctimas de menor edad expresan menos emociones positivas y negativas, tienen menores niveles de confianza institucional, creen menos en la sinceridad de las disculpas y expresan una valoración más crítica del logro de las funciones de la CNVR.Palabras clave: comisión de verdad y reconciliación, emociones, clima socioemocional, confianza institucionalThe article analyzes the impact of the National Commission of Truth and Reconciliation (NCTR) on the socio-emotional climate, institutional trust and appreciation of transitional justice processes in a purposive sample of 304 people affected by political violence in Chile during the dictatorship (1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990). Analyses based on Student's test indicate that the participants who disapprove of the NCTR's work perceive a less positive socio-emotional climate and tend to distrust institutions. Those who approve of the NCTR's work tend to concur with the notion that it helped to know the truth, promote justice processes, create an inclusive story, and ensure that violence will not recur; also, they agree more with the possibilities of forgiveness to the perpetrators, perceive a positive emotional climate, are more convinced of the sincerity of institutional apologies, and are more trustful of institutions. A variance analysis revealed that young people express less positive and negative emotions, display less institutional trust, are less convinced by official apologies and present a more critical assessment of the achievement of the NCTR's functions.Keywords: truth and reconciliation commission, emotions, socio-emotional climate, institutional trust Copyright 2013 by Psykhe ISSN 0717-0297 www.psykhe.cl PSYKHE 2013 Manuel Cárdenas, Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile; Darío Páez y Maitane Arnoso, Departamento de Psicología Social y Metodología, Universidad del País Vasco, San Sebastián, España; Bernard Rimé, Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education, Université catholique de Louvain, Bélgica....

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“…Persons thus may experience emotions as a result of their membership in a certain group or society (Smith, 1993). Collective emotions have been defined, in a relatively general way, as emotions that are shared by large numbers of individuals in a certain society and are targeted at generalized out-groups or group-related events (Bar-Tal, Halperin, & de Rivera, 2007;Smith, Seger, & Mackie, 2007).…”

Section: Fear and Hopementioning

confidence: 99%

Emotions in conflict: Correlates of fear and hope in the Israeli-Jewish society.

Halperin

Bar‐Tal

Nets‐Zehngut

et al. 2008

Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology

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101

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This study explores the relationship between collective memory, delegitimization of the rival, and personal experiences, on the one hand, and personal and collective fear and hope, on the other hand, in the context of the Israeli-Arab conflict. A questionnaire was administered to 217 Israeli-Jewish undergraduates from three academic institutions in Israel. The dependent variables were levels of fear and hope on a personal and collective level, whereas the independent variables were collective memory of the Jewish past, delegitimization of Arabs, and the personal experiences of contact with Arabs, military service in the occupied territories, close relationships to a terror victim, and family relationships with Holocaust survivors. Results show that (a) delegitimization of Arabs has the highest correlations with fear and hope, personally as well as collectively; and (b) the centrality of Jewish collective memory is directly related to levels of collective fear. In addition, we found a combined interaction effect of collective memory and personal contact with Arabs on fear, and of collective memory with political orientation and various elements of life experience on hope. Hence, it seems, that the level of centrality of collective

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Collective Emotions in Conflict Situations: Societal Implications

Cited by 329 publications

References 43 publications

National identification as a function of perceived social control: A subjective group dynamics analysis

National identification as a function of perceived social control: A subjective group dynamics analysis

Percepción del Clima Socioemocional y la Confianza Institucional en Víctimas de Violencia Política: Valoración del Impacto de la Comisión Nacional de Verdad y Reconciliación

Emotions in conflict: Correlates of fear and hope in the Israeli-Jewish society.

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