Collective Flow and Viscosity in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Heinz, Ulrich; Snellings, Raimond

doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-102212-170540

Cited by 1,324 publications

(1,388 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…Recently, the transport properties of hot and dense matter has attracted lot of attention in the context of relativistic heavy ion collisions [1] as well as cosmology [2]. Such properties enter in the hydrodynamical evolution and therefore essential for studying the near equilibrium evolution of a thermodynamic system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk and shear viscosities of hot and dense hadron gas

Kadam

Mishra

2015

Nuclear Physics A

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We estimate bulk and shear viscosity at finite temperature and baryon densities of hadronic matter within hadron resonance gas model. For bulk viscosity we use low energy theorems of QCD for the energy momentum tensor correlators. For shear viscosity coefficient, we estimate the same using molecular kinetic theory to relate the shear viscosity coefficient to average momentum of the hadrons in the hot and dense hadron gas. The bulk viscosity to entropy ratio increases with chemical potential and is related to the reduction of velocity of sound at nonzero chemical potential. The shear viscosity to entropy ratio on the other hand, shows a nontrivial behavior with the ratio decreasing with chemical potential for small temperatures but increasing with chemical potential at high temperatures and is related to decrease of entropy density with chemical potential at high temperature due to finite volume of the hadrons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk and shear viscosities of hot and dense hadron gas

Kadam

Mishra

2015

Nuclear Physics A

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“…The anisotropies are characterized in terms of the Fourier coefficients of the azimuth distributions which are referred to as anisotropic flows or harmonic flows. Relativistic hydrodynamical models have been very successful in describing the observed anisotropic flows [5][6][7][8][9] and in understanding the space-time evolution of the QGP fireball. Detailed comparisons between hydrodynamical model calculations and experimental data on anisotropic flows have provided unprecedented constraints on the transport properties, such as the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio, of the hot and dense QGP formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal decorrelation of anisotropic flows in heavy-ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

et al. 2015

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Fluctuations in the initial transverse energy-density distribution lead to anisotropic flows as observed in central high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Studies of longitudinal fluctuations of the anisotropic flows can shed further lights on the initial conditions and dynamical evolution of the hot quark-gluon matter in these collisions. Correlations between anisotropic flows with varying pseudorapidity gaps in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC are investigated using both an event-by-event (3+1)-D ideal hydrodynamical model with fluctuating initial conditions and the AMPT Monte Carlo model for high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Anisotropic flows at different pseudo-rapidities are found to become significantly decorrelated with increasing pseudo-rapidity gaps due to longitudinal fluctuations in the initial states of heavy-ion collisions. The longitudinal correlation of the elliptic flow shows a strong centrality dependence while the correlation of the triangular flow is independent of the centrality. Longitudinal fluctuations as a source of the decorrelation are further shown to consist of a twist or gradual rotation in flow angles between the forward and backward direction and additional fluctuations on top of the twist. Within the AMPT model, longitudinal correlations of anisotropic flows are also found to depend on the value of partonic cross sections. Implications on constraining the initial conditions and shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of the partonic matter in high-energy heavy-ion collisions are also discussed.

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“…Finally, the whole system would hadronize and only measurable mesons and baryons are left to the detectors. The real time evolution of the plasma could be studied in effective models, such as Boltzmann transport, hydrodynamics and hadronic cascade [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependent transport coefficients in a dynamical holographic QCD model

Huang

2015

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Abstract:We investigate temperature dependent behavior of various transport coefficients in a dynamical holographical QCD model. We show the nontrivial temperature dependent behavior of the transport coefficients, like bulk viscosity, electric conductivity as well as jet quenching parameter, and it is found that all these quantities reveal information of the phase transition. Furthermore, with introducing higher derivative corrections in 5D gravity, the shear viscosity over entropy density ratio also shows a valley around phase transition, and it is found that the shear viscosity over entropy density ratio times the jet quenching over temperature cubic ratio almost remains as a constant above phase transition, and the value is two times larger than the perturbative result in Phys.Rev. Lett.99.192301(2007).

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Collective Flow and Viscosity in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Cited by 1,324 publications

References 169 publications

Bulk and shear viscosities of hot and dense hadron gas

Bulk and shear viscosities of hot and dense hadron gas

Longitudinal decorrelation of anisotropic flows in heavy-ion collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Temperature dependent transport coefficients in a dynamical holographic QCD model

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