College quality and the positive selection hypothesis: The ‘second filter’ on family background in high-paid jobs

Borgen, Nicolai T.

doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2014.11.001

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…HPS are populated by families that apply active agency to the contest for educational and social success, at every stage. Families with financial, social, cultural or political capitals bring those capitals to bear on education and continue to do so in the transition to work and beyond (Borgen 2015). Oxfam refers to 'opportunity hoarding', whereby 'social disparities become permanent'.…”

Section: Family Background and Educational Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The worldwide trend to high participation higher education: dynamics of social stratification in inclusive systems

2016

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Worldwide participation in higher education now includes one-third of the age cohort and is growing at an unprecedented rate. The tendency to rapid growth, leading towards high participation systems (HPS), has spread to most middle-income and some low-income countries. Though expansion of higher education requires threshold development of the state and the middle class, it is primarily powered not by economic growth but by the ambitions of families to advance or maintain social position. However, expansion is mostly not accompanied by more equal social access to elite institutions. The quality of mass higher education is often problematic. Societies vary in the extent of upward social mobility from low-socio-economic-status backgrounds. The paper explores the intersection between stratified social backgrounds and the stratifying structures in HPS. These differentiating structures include public/private distinctions in schooling and higher education, different fields of study, binary systems and tiered hierarchies of institutions, the vertical 'stretching' of stratification in competitive HPS, and the unequalising effects of tuition. Larger social inequalities set limits on what education can achieve. Countries with high mobility sustain a consensus about social equality, and value rigorous and autonomous systems of learning, assessment and selection in education.

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Section: Family Background and Educational Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The worldwide trend to high participation higher education: dynamics of social stratification in inclusive systems

2016

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“…La recopilación sugiere que los salarios varían en diversos aspectos de las trayectorias educativas de los egresados de programas de educación superior. Algunas de las dimensiones que configuran un escenario heterogéneo en términos de retornos salariales (Bingley, Corak & Westergard-Nielsen, 2011;Borgen, 2015;Melguizo & Wolniak, 2012;Rivera, 2011;Roksa & Levey, 2010;Tholen, Brown, Power & Allouch, 2013;Wolniak, Seifert, reed & Pascarella, 2008) son: los ingresos familiares; las habilidades cognitivas y no cognitivas; el tipo de educación secundaria recibida; la institución de educación superior desde donde el postulante se graduó; las redes sociales y familiares del egresado al momento de ingresar a la educación superior; la influencia familiar y de las redes sociales al momento de ingresar al mundo laboral; las redes sociales desarrolladas a través de la carrera; las actividades extracurriculares realizadas como estudiante; el capital social de los postulantes; diferencias en estatus y recursos de las instituciones de educación superior; y las áreas del conocimiento. Marginson (2016) plantea que una de las características del proceso de inserción laboral es que los egresados tienden a tomar los empleos que proveen mejores pagos y expectativas de desarrollo futuro al momento de postulación y selección.…”

Section: Revisión De Literaturaunclassified

Efectos pecuniarios y no pecuniarios del desajuste entre empleo y área de estudio: evidencia a partir de la implementación de un sistema transversal de seguimiento de titulados

Muñoz

Guinguis

Reyes

et al. 2019

Cal Edu

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El desajuste entre empleo y área de estudio ha recibido especial atención en la literatura (Robst, 2007). Las investigaciones muestran que los trabajadores empleados en áreas no relacionadas con sus carreras obtienen salarios menores que aquellos con el mismo nivel de escolaridad empleados en puestos pertinentes. Este trabajo estima el efecto salarial del desajuste educacional y analiza sus implicancias sobre la satisfacción con el empleo. Para ello, analiza datos de una encuesta de titulados de una universidad estatal metropolitana en el período 2014-2017. El artículo busca responder a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Cómo afecta el empleo fuera del área de estudio a los salarios y a la satisfacción laboral? ¿Qué características de las trayectorias educativas y laborales explican el desajuste entre área de estudio y tipo de empleo? Este estudio muestra que quienes se emplean en puestos no relacionados con su área de estudio obtienen salarios menores que los que reportan tener un empleo que sí se relaciona con esta. Asimismo, el empleo no relacionado con la carrera afecta el grado de satisfacción, especialmente en el caso de los hombres a tres años después de haber egresado, dadas las menores expectativas de desarrollo profesional en el lugar de trabajo actual.

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“…Previous research has consistently claimed career stratifications that are largely attributed to gender and race, with male and White enjoying better career outcomes compared to female and racial minorities (Robst, 2007;Xu, 2013;Thomas, 2000Thomas, , 2003Zhang, 2008;Liu, Thomas, & Zhang, 2010;Kim & Sakamoto, 2010;Kim & Zhao, 2014). Parental education, considered a proxy of family socio-economic background, is an important variable given that college graduates from privileged family background are more likely to convert their high-quality educational background into success in the labor market (Borgen, 2015;Rivera, 2015). Bachelor's degree recipients are coded as a continuing generation if at least one parent received a bachelor's degree or higher, while having no parents or guardians with at least a bachelor's degree is considered a first-generation student.…”

Section: Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Career Outcomes of International Bachelor’s Degree Recipients from U.S. Institutions: The Role of International Status and Region of Origin

Jiang

2018

jis

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Based on neo-racism theory and human capital theory, this study examined whether international bachelor’s degree recipients who graduated from U.S. institutions have significant early career outcome differences compared to domestic bachelor’s degree recipients in terms of major-job match, annual earnings, and job satisfaction. Recognizing the significant differences in language, culture, and socio-economic conditions among immigrants from different countries of origin, this study further explored possible differences in career outcomes of international bachelor’s degree recipients by regions of origin. The findings of this study suggest that international degree recipients have gained labor market parity in majorjob match as well as salary and job satisfaction with their domestic counterparts, all things being equal. Further, this study found evidence that region of origin plays an important role in shaping international bachelor’s degree recipients’ major-job match and annual earnings. The policy implications for postsecondary institutions and the U.S. as a society are discussed.

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College quality and the positive selection hypothesis: The ‘second filter’ on family background in high-paid jobs

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

The worldwide trend to high participation higher education: dynamics of social stratification in inclusive systems

The worldwide trend to high participation higher education: dynamics of social stratification in inclusive systems

Efectos pecuniarios y no pecuniarios del desajuste entre empleo y área de estudio: evidencia a partir de la implementación de un sistema transversal de seguimiento de titulados

Early Career Outcomes of International Bachelor’s Degree Recipients from U.S. Institutions: The Role of International Status and Region of Origin

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