Collembola, the biological species concept and the underestimation of global species richness

Cicconardi, Francesco; Fanciulli, Pietro Paolo; Emerson, Brent C.

doi:10.1111/mec.12472

Cited by 75 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Even for species that had been barcoded at other sites, their sequences were different from those collected from identical morphological species at the study site (i.e., <90% of sequence similarity). These results support the huge and hidden diversity in Collembola shown in previous studies (e.g., Porco et al 2012aPorco et al , 2012bCicconardi et al 2013) and suggest the need for generating more reference sequences of this group, more extensively at our study site as well as in various other geographic regions. At present, the construction of a locally collected database for mtCOI and mt16S genes will be needed to identify collembolan species from metabarcoding data.…”

Section: Selectivity and Sensitivity Assessed Using Natural Communitysupporting

confidence: 76%

A quantitative protocol for DNA metabarcoding of springtails (Collembola)

Saitoh

Aoyama

Fujii

et al. 2016

Genome

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Abstract:We developed a novel protocol with superior quantitative analysis results for DNA metabarcoding of Collembola, a major soil microarthropod order. Degenerate PCR primers were designed for conserved regions in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) and 16S ribosomal RNA (mt16S) genes based on published collembolan mitogenomes. The best primer pair was selected based on its ability to amplify each gene, irrespective of the species. DNA was extracted from 10 natural communities sampled in a temperate forest (with typically 25-30 collembolan species per 10 soil samples) and 10 mock communities (with seven cultured collembolan species). The two gene regions were then amplified using the selected primers, ligated with adapters for 454 technology, and sequenced. Examination of the natural community samples showed that 32 and 36 operational taxonomic units (defined at a 90% sequence similarity threshold) were recovered from the mtCOI and mt16S data, respectively, which were comparable to the results of the microscopic identification of 25 morphospecies. Further, sequence abundances for each collembolan species from the mtCOI and mt16S data of the mock communities, after normalization by using a species as the internal control, showed good correlation with the number of individuals in the samples (R = 0.91-0.99), although relative species abundances within a mock community sample estimated from sequences were skewed from community composition in terms of the number of individuals or biomass of the species. Thus, this protocol enables the comparison of collembolan communities in a quantitative manner by metabarcoding.Key words: metabarcoding, Collembola, 16S, COX1, quantification. Résumé :Les auteurs ont mis au point un protocole pour le métacodage à barres de l'ADN chez les collemboles, un ordre important parmi les micro-arthropodes du sol. Des amorces PCR dégénérées ont été conçues pour les gènes codant pour la sous-unité I de la cytochrome c oxydase mitochondriale (mtCOI) et pour l'ARN ribosomique 16S mitochondrial (mt16S) sur la base des génomes mitochondriaux déjà séquencés chez les collemboles. La meilleure paire d'amorces a été choisie sur la base de sa capacité à amplifier chaque gène, sans égard à l'espèce.

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Section: Selectivity and Sensitivity Assessed Using Natural Communitysupporting

confidence: 76%

A quantitative protocol for DNA metabarcoding of springtails (Collembola)

Saitoh

Aoyama

Fujii

et al. 2016

Genome

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“…This is in contrast to other studies on mites, insects, or other invertebrates, which have shown that presumed widespread taxa often represent complexes of cryptic species (Cicconardi, Fanciulli, & Emerson, 2013; Navia et al, 2013; Pérez-Portela, Arranz, Rius, & Turon, 2013; Schäffer et al, 2010). However, a clear geographic pattern can be seen in the haplotypes, which means that populations from different geographic locations do not show extensive gene flow between each other and dispersal may be limited.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Leaving the tropics: The successful colonization of cold temperate regions byDolicheremaeus dorni(Acari, Oribatida)

Schäffer

Stabentheiner

Shimano

et al. 2018

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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Species diversity is generally higher in the tropics compared to the temperate zones. The phenomenon that one species of an almost exclusively tropical living genus was able to adapt successfully to the cold northern regions is rather rare. However, the oribatid mite Dolicheremaeus dorni represents such a species and is in the focus of this study. While 180 Dolicheremaeus species are confined to the tropics and subtropics, only five species are known to occur in temperate climates and D. dorni represents the only species with a wider distribution in this climatic region. This species is distributed in Central and Southern Europe and was now recorded for the first time in Austria. A morphological and molecular genetic investigation of specimens from Austria, Poland and Croatia confirmed this distribution pattern and revealed specific geographic clades and haplotypes for each population and hence indicate low gene flow between populations. A further molecular genetic analysis of the 18S rRNA gene sequence of D. dorni confirmed its phylogenetic position within Carabodoidea. Based on record information, this species is associated with trees or tree habitats and seems to be rather a generalist than a specialist for a specific substrate (e.g., tree species) or food source.

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“…Such a general situation of poor knowledge is typical for the Collembola in many parts of the world (e.g. Cicconardi et al 2013), and will hamper efforts both to conserve this diversity (Cardoso et al 2011) and to understand which components of it are non-indigenous and may be having impacts on the indigenous fauna (see discussion in Roques et al 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updated list of Collembola species currently recorded from South Africa

Janion‐Scheepers¹,

Deharveng²,

Bedòs³

et al. 2015

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Understanding the abundance and richness of species is one of the most fundamental steps in effecting their conservation. Despite global recognition of the significance of the below-ground component of diversity for ecosystem functioning, the soil remains a poorly studied terrestrial ecosystem. In South Africa, knowledge is increasing for a variety of soil faunal groups, but many still remain poorly understood. We have started to address this gap in the knowledge of South African soil biodiversity by focusing on the Collembola in an integrated project that encompasses systematics, barcoding and ecological assessments. Here we provide an updated list of the Collembola species from South Africa. A total of 124 species from 61 genera and 17 families has been recorded, of which 75 are considered endemic, 24 widespread, and 25 introduced. This total number of species excludes the 36 species we consider to be dubious. From the published data, Collembola species richness is high compared to other African countries, but low compared to European countries. This is largely a consequence of poor sampling in the African region, as our discovery of many new species in South Africa demonstrates. Our analyses also show that much ongoing work will be required before a reasonably comprehensive and spatially explicit picture of South Africa’s springtail fauna can be provided, which may well exceed 1000 species. Such work will be necessary to help South Africa meet its commitments to biodiversity conservation, especially in the context of the 2020 Aichi targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

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Collembola, the biological species concept and the underestimation of global species richness

Cited by 75 publications

References 54 publications

A quantitative protocol for DNA metabarcoding of springtails (Collembola)

A quantitative protocol for DNA metabarcoding of springtails (Collembola)

Leaving the tropics: The successful colonization of cold temperate regions byDolicheremaeus dorni(Acari, Oribatida)

Updated list of Collembola species currently recorded from South Africa

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