Colletotrichum sp.: Plant or human pathogen?

Midha, Narinder K.; Mirzanejad, Yazdan; Soni, Monita

doi:10.1016/1069-417x(96)83897-0

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The latter group of infections generally are reported in immunocompromised hosts (4). The species implicated in human infections include C. dematium (5,8,10,13,15,17,21,32), C. coccodes (reported as C. atramentarium) (18,24,27), C. gloeosporioides (8,20,23,24,30,40), C. graminicola (26,41), C. crassipes (4), C. capsicii (38) (currently named C. truncatum) (7), and an unknown species (8,22). Only a few cases of C. dematium eye infections are reported from India (5, 13-15, 21, 32).…”

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confidence: 99%

Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Shivaprakash¹,

Appannanavar²,

Dhaliwal³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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In recent years, the well-known plant pathogens of the Colletotrichum genus were increasingly reported to cause ophthalmic infections in humans. Among 66 species in the Colletotrichum genus, only a few are known to be pathogenic for humans. We report here five cases of ophthalmic infections due to Colletotrichum truncatum, a species never reported earlier to cause human infection. The isolates were identified by morphological characteristics and the sequencing of internal spacer regions of ribosomal DNA. The progress of lesions in those patients was slow compared to that of lesions caused by Aspergillus or Fusarium infections. The surgical management included total penetrating keratoplasty in patients with keratitis and pars plana vitrectomy in endophthalmitis. Two patients were treated additionally with intravitreal amphotericin B deoxycholate, one patient with oral itraconazole, and another patient with oral and topical fluconazole therapy. The present series therefore highlights the expanding spectrum of agents causing eye infections and the inclusion of C. truncatum as a human pathogen.Colletotrichum species are well-known plant pathogens in tropical and subtropical countries. The taxonomy and nomenclature of Colletotrichum species are confusing, even to scientists working in this field (11). Initially, the species were identified by the characteristic host specificity, location of isolation, and conidial morphology. Subsequently, based on morphological characteristics, host range (of plants), and phylogenetic analysis, the fungi in the genus Colletotrichum were systematically classified.

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confidence: 99%

Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Shivaprakash¹,

Appannanavar²,

Dhaliwal³

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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“…An additional case of Colletotrichum was described in a patient with NHL, but the isolate was not identified to species level 13. All cases, except for one where a site was not described, involved a subcutaneous site of an extremity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All cases, except for one where a site was not described, involved a subcutaneous site of an extremity. Two cases in patients with NHL on chemotherapy suggested the possibility of disseminated disease with pulmonary cavitation 11 13. Each of these patients died and autopsy was limited to the lungs, with pathology revealing septate, acute-angled branching hyphae focally infiltrating into vascular spaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical management of subcutaneousColletotrichum gloeosporioides

Allton

Parvez²,

Ranganath

et al. 2015

BMJ Case Reports

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A 52-year-old male patient with a history of sarcoidosis and over 10 years of chronic low-dose glucocorticoid use, cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with two painful, enlarging subcutaneous nodules ultimately identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Two attempts at needle aspiration of the larger nodule resulted in rapid reaccumulation. Complete surgical excision of both nodules resulted in complete resolution without the use of any concomitant antifungals. Patient had no recurrence at 2 years of follow-up.

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“…However, these infections are very rare and are generally associated with some form of trauma. They manifest as keratitis or subcutaneous lesions, although a case of invasive infection has also been reported (9). The present report describes the first case involving Colletotrichum crassipes causing a subcutaneous phaeohyphomycotic cyst.…”

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confidence: 82%

Phaeohyphomycotic Cyst Caused byColletotrichum crassipes

et al. 2001

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A case of phaeohyphomycosis is reported in a male renal transplant recipient with a nodular lesion in the right leg who was treated with immunosuppressing drugs. The lesion consisted of a purulent cyst with thick walls. The cyst was excised surgically, and the patient did not receive any antifungal therapy. One year later he remains well. Histological study of the lesion showed a granulomatous reaction of epithelioid and multinucleate giant cells, with a central area of necrosis and pus. Fontana-Masson staining demonstrated the presence of pigmented hyphal elements. The fungus Colletotrichum crassipes was grown in different cultures from the cyst. The in vitro inhibitory activities of eight antifungal drugs against the isolate were tested. Clotrimazole and UR-9825 were the most active drugs. This case represents the first known reported infection caused by this rare species.Within the huge number of fungal species involved in human opportunistic infections, numerous mitosporic species, which develop their asexual reproductive structures on cup-shaped (acervuli) or spherical (pycnidia) fruiting bodies (conidiomata), are frequently being reported. They are classified within the form class Coelomycetes, and up to now, at least 11 genera and 22 species have been implicated in human disease (4, 13). Colletotrichum Corda is one of the most common genera, which is characterized by causing both phaeohyphomycosis (1, 6, 7) and hyalohyphomycosis (5, 7).Phaeohyphomycoses comprise a vast array of opportunistic fungal infections characterized by the presence of different types of melanized fungal elements in tissue (8). These elements can be clearly detected with the Fontana-Masson stain, because they become dark, in contrast to the fungal elements present in hyalohyphomycoses, which remain colorless.The genus Colletotrichum is a typical pathogen of plants, which has been traditionally included in the coelomycetous order Melanconiales, characterized by the formation of acervular conidiomata when the fungus parasitizes the plant tissue. Species concepts are based on morphology of the fungi on natural substrate and to a lesser extent in culture, sometimes combined with host specificity or the lack of it. In culture, these fungi develop conidiomata, which consist of conidial masses supported by a superficial cushion-like mass of short conidiophores, among which erect, unbranched, and darkly pigmented sterile hyphae (setae) are developed. They also frequently develop appressoria (flat and dark-pigmented swellings at the end of a hypha), which they use to attach themselves to the host surface before penetrating the tissue. These elements are typical of plant-pathogenic fungi. The presence of these elements is an important diagnostic feature for genus recognition, and their shape is important for species separation (12,14).Currently, of the several hundred species described, only four species of Colletotrichum have been associated with human infections (4). These species are C. dematium, C. gloeosporioides, C. coccodes, and C. gra...

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Colletotrichum sp.: Plant or human pathogen?

Cited by 14 publications

References 1 publication

Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Colletotrichum truncatum: an Unusual Pathogen Causing Mycotic Keratitis and Endophthalmitis

Surgical management of subcutaneousColletotrichum gloeosporioides

Phaeohyphomycotic Cyst Caused byColletotrichum crassipes

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