“…[1,14,15] In 1990, Allen reported [7] that light beams with helical phase fronts, such as the Laguerre Gaussian (LG) laser modes, [1,6] have OAM. [14,15] Twisted waves carry intrinsic spin and OAM. [16] In addition, twisted waves have helical electric and magnetic field lines, [17] which lead to substantial effects.…”