Collisionless electrostatic shock generation using high-energy laser systems

Sakawa, Y.; Morita, T.; Kuramitsu, Yasuhiro; Takabe, H.

doi:10.1080/23746149.2016.1213660

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 105 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…The incoming ions will be slowed down or reflected back into upstream. Consequently, ions are accumulated into the interaction region until the density jump conditions are fulfilled [30,31] . Figure 4 shows the ES formation and evolution in the CPFs at 6 ns and 10 ns.…”

Section: Unsymmetrical Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory study of astrophysical collisionless shock at SG-II laser facility

Yuan

Wei

Liang

et al. 2018

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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Astrophysical collisionless shocks are amazing phenomena in space and astrophysical plasmas, where supersonic flows generate electromagnetic fields through instabilities and particles can be accelerated to high energy cosmic rays. Until now, understanding these micro-processes is still a challenge despite rich astrophysical observation data have been obtained. Laboratory astrophysics, a new route to study the astrophysics, allows us to investigate them at similar extreme physical conditions in laboratory. Here we will review the recent progress of the collisionless shock experiments performed at SG-II laser facility in China. The evolution of the electrostatic shocks and Weibel-type/filamentation instabilities are observed. Inspired by the configurations of the counter-streaming plasma flows, we also carry out a novel plasma collider to generate energetic neutrons relevant to the astrophysical nuclear reactions.

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Section: Unsymmetrical Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory study of astrophysical collisionless shock at SG-II laser facility

Yuan

Wei

Liang

et al. 2018

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

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“…Collisionless shocks under ambient magnetic field are ubiquitous in space and astrophysical plasmas and are believed to be sources for high-energy particles or cosmic-rays [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Multiple collisionless shocks occur in plasmas associated with planetary systems [8][9][10], where multicomponent plasmas occur as planetary material mixes with the solar wind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the many ion acceleration mechanisms being pursued [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], collisionless shock acceleration (CSA) of ions [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] is of particular relevance to space and astrophysical shocks. With CSA, ions located ahead of an unmagnetized electrostatic (and collisionless) shock [7] are reflected by the electrostatic potential of the shock to twice the shock velocity [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion acceleration at two collisionless shocks in a multicomponent plasma

et al. 2021

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Intense laser-plasma interactions are an essential tool for the laboratory study of ion acceleration at a collisionless shock. With two-dimensional particle-in-cell calculations of a multicomponent plasma we observe two electrostatic collisionless shocks at two distinct longitudinal positions when driven with a linearly polarized laser at normalized laser vector potential a 0 that exceeds 10. Moreover, these shocks, associated with protons and carbon ions, show a power-law dependence on a 0 and accelerate ions to different velocities in an expanding upstream with higher flux than in a single-component hydrogen or carbon plasma. This results from an electrostatic ion two-stream instability caused by differences in the charge-to-mass ratio of different ions. Particle acceleration in collisionless shocks in multicomponent plasma are ubiquitous in space and astrophysics, and these calculations identify the possibility for studying these complex processes in the laboratory.

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“…As studied in many experiments with laser-produced counter-streaming plasmas [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] , the magnetic field originated around the laser spot (by the Biermann battery effect) is frozen into the ablation plasma and is advected along electron stream…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous plasma acceleration in colliding high-power laser-produced plasmas

et al. 2019

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We developed an experimental platform for studying magnetic reconnection in an external magnetic field with simultaneous measurements of plasma imaging, flow velocity, and magnetic-field variation. Here, we investigate the stagnation and acceleration in counter-streaming plasmas generated by high-power laser beams. A plasma flow perpendicular to the initial flow directions is measured with laser Thomson scattering. The flow is, interestingly, accelerated toward the high-density region, which is opposite to the direction of the acceleration by pressure gradients. This acceleration is possibly interpreted by the interaction of two magnetic field loops initially generated by Biermann battery effect, resulting in a magnetic reconnection forming a single field loop and additional acceleration by a magnetic tension force.Magnetic fields in plasmas have significant roles in thermalization, acceleration, and hydrodynamic turbulence in wide range of plasma parameters, for example, from low-β to highβ conditions, where β is the ratio of thermal to magnetic pressures. Magnetic reconnection (MR) is the most important mechanism in the global change of magnetic field topology and rapid energy transfer from the field to particles in fusion plasmas, magnetic storms in the earth's magnetosphere, solar eruptions, and magnetic fields in most astrophysical contexts 1 . MR physics can be interpreted as a combination of microscopic dissipation and macroscopic advection in surrounding magnetized plasmas. Previous numerical studies (e.g. magnetohydrodynamic 2 and full particle-in-cell 3 simulations) and observations (including electron and ion velocity distributions measured by the Geotail spacecraft 4 ) have approached these two mechanisms from separate viewpoints and this makes it difficult to investigate the physical mechanisms by which energy changes from across large spatial scales, and how the reconnection rate is determined.Laboratory experiments have an advantage in that various plasma diagnostics can be used simultaneously both for microscopic and macroscopic phenomena. Local plasma parameters and magnetic fields have been precisely diagnosed in gas-discharged plasmas such as TS-3 5,6 , MRX 7,8 , and pulse-powered devices 9,10 , with relatively low-beta (β < 1). a) Electronic mail: morita@aees.kyushu-u.ac.jp.Recently, strongly-driven MR has been studied using laserproduced plasmas [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] under strong magnetic fields generated by the interaction of high-power lasers with solids via the Biermann battery effect (∂ B/∂t ∝ ∇T e × ∇n e ) 20 . In contrast to other laboratory experiments, laser-produced plasmas with high temperatures and densities enable us to investigate MR in high-beta conditions, similar to those in magnetosheath (β ∼ 0.1-10) 21 and in accretion disks (β > 10) 22 . However, few diagnostics are available in such small-scale plasmas, and recent studies have focused on topological change in a field 13-15 , global plasma structure 17-19 , and numerical simulations 11,12 . Although spatially...

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Collisionless electrostatic shock generation using high-energy laser systems

Cited by 14 publications

References 105 publications

Laboratory study of astrophysical collisionless shock at SG-II laser facility

Laboratory study of astrophysical collisionless shock at SG-II laser facility

Ion acceleration at two collisionless shocks in a multicomponent plasma

Anomalous plasma acceleration in colliding high-power laser-produced plasmas

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