Colloid Chemistry of In-Situ Clay-Induced Formation Damage

Tchistiakov, Alexei

doi:10.2523/58747-ms

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In analysing, the interactions between the clay mineral surfaces of non-swelling minerals and formation fluids, the use of the DLVO (Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek) theory seems to be particularly appropriate, as illustrated by Tchistiakov (2000). This theory quantifies the attractive and repulsive forces between charged particles and postulates that around such particles there exists a diffuse double layer (DDL) of cations and anions.…”

Section: Dispersion and Migration Of Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DDL consists of a compact layer of cations (the so-called Stern layer) closely adsorbed to the negatively charged outer surface of the mineral particle, followed by a broader more diffuse layer where the concentration and distribution of ions differs but gradually becomes the same as that of the bulk solution with increasing distance from Formation damage of reservoir sandstones the charged surface. Tchistiakov (2000) analysed the stability of clays in sandstone formations in terms of zeta (z) potential, which is equivalent to the electrokinetic potential at the particle/fluid shear plane when there is motion between the particle and fluid. This shear plane is thought to exist close to, but not at, the boundary between the Stern and diffuse layers.…”

Section: Dispersion and Migration Of Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of individual clay minerals on formation damage of reservoir sandstones: a critical review with some new insights

Wilson

Wilson²,

Patey³

2014

Clay miner.

184

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The influence of individual clay minerals on formation damage of reservoir sandstones is reviewed, mainly through the mechanism of fine particle dispersion and migration leading to the accumulation and blockage of pore throats and significant reduction of permeability. The minerals discussed belong to the smectite, kaolinite, illite and chlorite groups respectively. These minerals usually occur in an aggregate form in reservoir sandstones and the physicochemical properties of these aggregates are reviewed in order to reach a better understanding of the factors that lead to their dispersion in aqueous pore fluids. Particularly significant properties include the surface charge on both basal and edge faces of the clay minerals and how this varies with pH, external surface area of both swelling and non-swelling clays, porosity and pore size distribution in the micro- and meso-pore size range and overall aggregate morphology. For non-swelling clays, and perhaps even for swelling clays, dispersion is thought to be initiated at the micro- or meso-pore level, where the interaction between the pore solution and the charged clay surfaces exposed on adjacent sides of slit- or wedge-shaped pores brings about expansion of the diffuse double electric layer (DDL) and an increase in hydration pressure. Such expansion occurs only in dilute electrolyte solutions in contrast to the effect of concentrated solutions which would shrink the thickness of the DDL and so inhibit dispersion. Stable dispersions are formed, particularly where the solution pH exceeds the isoelectric pH of the mineral, which is often at alkali pH values, so that both basal face and edge surfaces are negatively charged and the particles repel each other. The osmotic swelling of smectitic clays to a gel-like form, so effectively blocking pores in situ, is often invoked as an explanation of formation damage in reservoir sandstones. Such swelling certainly occurs in dilute aqueous solutions under earth surface conditions but it is uncertain that stable smectitic gels could form at the temperatures and pressures associated with deeply buried reservoir sandstones.

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Section: Dispersion and Migration Of Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dispersion and Migration Of Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of individual clay minerals on formation damage of reservoir sandstones: a critical review with some new insights

Wilson

Wilson²,

Patey³

2014

Clay miner.

184

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“…As mentioned above, there is some percent of clay in our sandstone cores which are both swelling (smectite, montmorillonite and mixed-layer illites) and nonswelling clays (kaolinite, illite). Among these clay minerals, the swelling capacity of montmorillonite is extremely higher than illite and chlorite (Tchistiakov 2000). Clay swelling reduces porosity and permeability by moving off from the porous media surface and plugging pore throats in the next stage, which can often take place through salinity fluctuations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "pore-lining" clay particles reduce fluid flow path by lining on the pore throat. Weakening the brine ionic strength increases the diffuse layer, which can cause significant formation damage (Tchistiakov 2000). In another theory, it has been assumed that basic and acidic components of heavy crude oil adsorb on the fine clay particles and make them become mix-wet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This susceptibility turns clay fine migration to be the primary mechanism of formation damage in sandstone reservoirs. According to the literature, the critical factors of clay fine migration are interstitial velocity, rock failure, clay mineralogy and type, the concentration of exchangeable cations, wettability alteration, change in pH and temperature (Zhou et al 1996;Valdya and Fogler 1992;Tchistiakov 2000;Schembre et al 2006;Musharova et al 2012;Mungan 1965). It is also essential to mention that among the whole clay minerals, kaolinite and illite play an important role in this type of formation damage (Musharova et al 2012;Khilar and Fogler 1983;Zhou et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of CO2-enriched water salinity on enhancing oil recovery and its potential formation damage: an experimental study on shaly sandstone reservoirs

Sadati

Sahraei

Rahnema

et al. 2020

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Many experimental investigations on carbonated water injection (CWI) have shown an increase in oil recovery which CWI is defined as the process of injecting CO 2-saturated water in oil reservoirs as a displacing fluid. In every enhanced oil recovery method, the potential formation damage of the injected fluid is considered. This is due to the fact that the injection of incompatible fluids often causes clay swelling and fines migration and thus impairs the formation permeability. Permeability reduction by clay particles mostly depends on its distribution which can be pore lining, pore bridging, dispersed or combination of these causing pore blocking or pore-throat diameter reduction. Besides, fine migration is considered as an important mechanism of recovery improvement during injection of low-salinity water in sandstone oil reservoirs. The present paper investigates the impact of injection of carbonated water and brines with the different salt concentrations on oil recovery and formation damage focusing on permeability variation. The investigation has been done on 12 relatively homogeneous claycontaining sandstone cores, while the compositions of the injection water were varied from 40,000 to 1000 ppm, at 176° F and 2000 psi. The amount of recovery improvement and permeability drop recorded in all tests and the fine effluent of two experiments were analysed using XRD, one for CWI and one for WF (water flooding). In all salinities, CWI has shown more oil recovery improvement than conventional water. CWI of 40,000 ppm showed the minimum permeability reduction of 6 percent, while the highest permeability was obtained by injection of water with 1000 ppm. Maximum ultimate oil recoveries of 61.2% and 42% were achieved by 1000 ppm both for CWI and WF, respectively. In comparison with brine injection, CWI resulted in more permeability drop in salinity above critical salt concentration (CSC), while below CSC, WF has caused more formation damage than CWI. Experimental results also showed that fine migration was the main reason behind formation damage. It was also revealed that permeability was significantly reduced due to fine production in the effluent.

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Soil slaking under the effect of dispersants: characteristics and mechanism

Wang,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ Earth Sci

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The adhesion of clay to the cutterhead and cutters presents a signi cant challenge during EPB shield excavation in clay strata. Dispersants are widely used to disintegrate clay adhering to metal surfaces, but their conditioning characteristics and working mechanisms remain elusive. This study investigates the effect of organic and inorganic dispersants on clay plasticity and slaking characteristics through Atterberg limit and slaking tests, complemented by Zeta potential and swelling tests to explore underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrate that increasing the content of inorganic and organic dispersants reduces soil plasticity and enhances the slaking rate during the rapid development period in pure water. Dispersion slaking occurs in soil blocks treated with inorganic dispersant in pure water, while soil blocks treated with organic dispersant primarily undergo surface slaking. A higher organic dispersant concentration signi cantly intensi ed the slaking rate. In contrast, inorganic dispersant solutions inhibit soil slaking. Inorganic dispersant solutions impede soil expansion and slaking due to reduced electrostatic repulsion and increasing di culty in water in ltration. Conversely, organic dispersant solutions accelerate soil slaking by promoting soil expansion and solution in ltration, reducing surface tension, and increasing pore air pressure. The results may suggest injecting organic dispersant for removal of existing soil clogging in shield tunneling, but both inorganic and organic dispersants can serve to prevent the occurrence of soil clogging for shield tunnelling.

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Colloid Chemistry of In-Situ Clay-Induced Formation Damage

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of individual clay minerals on formation damage of reservoir sandstones: a critical review with some new insights

The influence of individual clay minerals on formation damage of reservoir sandstones: a critical review with some new insights

The effect of CO2-enriched water salinity on enhancing oil recovery and its potential formation damage: an experimental study on shaly sandstone reservoirs

Soil slaking under the effect of dispersants: characteristics and mechanism

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