Colombia’s racial crucible: Y chromosome evidence from six admixed communities in the Department of Bolivar

Noguera, María Claudia; Schwegler, Armin; Gomes, Verónica; Briceño, Ignacio; Álvarez, Luis; Uricoechea, Daniel; Amorim, António; Benavides, Escilda; Silvera, Carlos; Charris, Marlon; Bernal, Jaime; Gusmão, Leonor

doi:10.3109/03014460.2013.852244

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Since the 1980s, genetic and clinical studies of molecular HLA antigens (Bernal et al 1995), as well as of mtDNA and Y chromosomes (Keyeux et al 2002, Melton et al 2007, Rondón et al 2008, Noguera 2012, Noguera et al 2014, have shed fresh light on the genetic structures of Colombian populations, revealing a high degree of admixture between populations of different origins and a clear vision of antigenic diversity (Briceño et al 1996). Some results from the analysis of nucleotide diversity amongst these groups suggest past population bottlenecks, followed by later recovery (Mitchell et al 2000).…”

Section: Indigenous Populations Of Contemporary and Prehistoric Colombiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA analysis suggests a Chibchan migration into Colombia

et al. 2015

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The characterization of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) allows the establishment of genetic structures and phylogenetic relationships in human populations, tracing lineages far back in time. We analysed samples of mtDNA from twenty (20) Native American populations (700 individuals) dispersed throughout Colombian territory. Samples were collected during 1989-1993 in the context of the program Expedición Humana ("Human Expedition") and stored in the Biological Repository of the Institute of Human Genetics (IGH) at the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Bogotá, Colombia). Haplogroups were determined by analysis of RFLPs. Most frequent was haplogroup A, with 338 individuals (48.3%). Haplogroup A is also one of the most frequent haplogroups in Mesoamerica, and we interpret our finding as supporting models that propose Chibchan-speaking groups migrated to northern Colombia from Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. Haplogroup C was found in 199 individuals (28.4%), while less frequent were B and D, with 113 and 41 (16% and 6%) individuals, respectively. The haplogroups of nine (9) individuals (1.3%) could not be determined due to the low quality of the samples of DNA. Although all the sampled populations had genetic structures that fit broadly into the patterns that might be expected for contemporary Central and South American indigenous groups, it was found that haplogroups A and B were more frequent in northern Colombia, while haplogroups C and D were more frequent in southern and south-western Colombia.

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Section: Indigenous Populations Of Contemporary and Prehistoric Colombiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA analysis suggests a Chibchan migration into Colombia

et al. 2015

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“…In studies of the populations of Cape Verde Islands [20,21] and Sao Tome Island [22,23], sex-specific genetic systems were used to elucidate both maternal and paternal origins. In the case of the Palenque, analysis of HLA autosomal markers and antigens [24,25], and recently NRY variation [26] has suggested a greater proportion of recent African descent (RAD) than other Colombian groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palenque de San Basilio in Colombia: genetic data support an oral history of a paternal ancestry in Congo

et al. 2016

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The Palenque, a black community in rural Colombia, have an oral history of fugitive African slaves founding a free village near Cartagena in the seventeenth century. Recently, linguists have identified some 200 words in regular use that originate in a Kikongo language, with Yombe, mainly spoken in the Congo region, being the most likely source. The non-recombining portion of the Y chromosome (NRY) and mitochondrial DNA were analysed to establish whether there was greater similarity between present-day members of the Palenque and Yombe than between the Palenque and 42 other African groups (for all individuals, n ¼ 2799) from which forced slaves might have been taken. NRY data are consistent with the linguistic evidence that Yombe is the most likely group from which the original male settlers of Palenque came. Mitochondrial DNA data suggested substantial maternal sub-Saharan African ancestry and a strong founder effect but did not associate Palenque with any particular African group. In addition, based on cultural data including inhabitants' claims of linguistic differences, it has been hypothesized that the two districts of the village (Abajo and Arriba) have different origins, with Arriba founded by men originating in Congo and Abajo by those born in Colombia. Although significant genetic structuring distinguished the two from each other, no supporting evidence for this hypothesis was found.

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“…The European component represents about half of the gene pool of the population (49.1%), while 21.5% is from African contribution and 29.4% is Native American. It is very important to note that the proportion of Native American ancestry was higher than the previously reported [2,[3][4][5]. The cause of these findings may be, among others, the different set of AIMs used, the reference samples considered for the ancestry estimates, and the sample size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Previous studies, focusing in uniparental markers and autosomal AIMs, had demonstrated that this population have more European and African ancestry than Native American [2,[3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%