Colon Cancer Chemopreventive Activities of Pomegranate Ellagitannins and Urolithins

Kasimsetty, Sashi G.; Białońska, Dobroslawa; Reddy, M. Kesava; Ma, Guoyi; Khan, Shabana I.; Ferreira, Daneel

doi:10.1021/jf903762h

Cited by 184 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…the corresponding dihydrocinnamoyl conjugates and 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid (2-amino-5-hydroxybenzoic acid) in addition to the much commoner cinnamic and dihydrocinnamic acids [73]. Many of these unique catabolites have received considerable attention but their precursors are minor components of the diet, albeit with some considerable variation between subgroups [6], depending upon whether they consume significant amounts of oranges [65], olive oil [74], soya beans [75,76], nuts, pomegranates, strawberries and raspberries [71,77,78], whole grains [76], wine and peanuts [79,80] or oats [81], respectively. The predominant catabolites generated by the microbiota from (poly)phenols are the aromatic and phenolic acids with zero to three aromatic hydroxyls, or their mono-or di-methoxy analogues, possessing also a sidechain of one to five carbons which might bear an aliphatic hydroxyl [64].…”

Section: Conversion Of Polyphenols By the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols

Williamson

Clifford

2017

Biochemical Pharmacology

271

172

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Please cite this article as: G. Williamson, M.N. Clifford, Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols, Biochemical Pharmacology (2017), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j. bcp.2017.03.012 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. 1Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged.Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and / or urine, the pathways from substrate to final catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation, it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites. and are also present at high levels in supplements [4], and form essential components of many Chinese medicines [5]. A study within the European Prospective Investigation intoCancer and Nutrition (EPIC) using the Phenol Explorer database reported that the cohort studied consumed 427 different polyphenols including 94 that were consumed at a rate of >1 g/day. The estimated total polyphenol consumption ranged from 584 mg/day by Greek women to 1786 mg/day for men in Aarhus-Denmark. The corresponding data for Greek men and for Aarhus women were 744 mg/day and 1626 mg/ day, respectively, with all data adjusted for age and weighted by season and weekday of dietary recall [6]. This study defined the major contributors to be the phenolic acids (predominantly the caffeoylquinic acids (27-53%), also called chlorogenic acids) and flavonoids (predominantly flavanols (16-29%), proanthocyanidins (5-9%) and theaflavins (14-25%)) [6]. Hydroxybenzoic acids (3.3-7.4%), alkyl-phenols (1.6...

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Section: Conversion Of Polyphenols By the Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols

Williamson

Clifford

2017

Biochemical Pharmacology

271

172

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“…In this regard, an optimal model for primary and secondary prevention in colon cancer, given the availability of effective screening procedures and a well-defined multi-step carcinogenic pathway, can be thought as the development of new cancer chemopreventive agents that could be employed to inhibit tumor development without causing systemic toxicity such as increasing the consumption of food containing anticarcinogenic compounds. Phytochemicals from pomegranate have been shown to inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis through the modulation of cellular transcription factors and signaling proteins (Mertens-Talcott & Percival, 2005;Seeram et al, 2006;Khan, 2009;Kasimsetty et al, 2010). Kohno et al (2004a,b) reported that dietary administration of pomegranate seed oil rich in conjugated linolenic acid markedly inhibited the development of azoxymethane-induced colonic adenocarcinomas in male F344 rats without causing any adverse effects.…”

Section: Prevention Of Colon Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Therapeutic Potential of Pomegranate and Its Products for Prevention of Cancer

Akpinar‐Bayizit¹,

Özcan²,

Yilmaz‐Ersan³

2012

Cancer Prevention - From Mechanisms to Translational Benefits

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“…ETs can reduce tumor development and progression due at least in part to their capability to inhibit cell growth. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] We found that PE reduces growth of proliferating cells in both tumorigenic and nontumorigenic mammary epithelial cell lines (unpublished data). It is, however, unlikely that ETs affect the viability of normal quiescent and post mitotic cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…PE, containing primarily ETs, exhibits antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-invasive, and/or anti-inflammatory properties in vitro in cancer cell lines. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] In addition, PE reduced the growth of human prostate and lung cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice and suppressed prostate tumorigenesis in the TRAMP mouse model. [16][17][18] Phase II clinical trials in prostate cancer patients with rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) showed that a daily intake of pomegranate juice or PE (POMx; POM Wonderful, Los Angeles, CA, USA) prolongs PSA doubling time, which is used as a predictor of clinical outcomes and survival in patients with prostate cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoencapsulation of pomegranate bioactive compounds for breast cancer chemoprevention

Shirode¹,

Bharali²,

Nallanthighal³

et al. 2015

IJN

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Pomegranate polyphenols are potent antioxidants and chemopreventive agents but have low bioavailability and a short half-life. For example, punicalagin (PU), the major polyphenol in pomegranates, is not absorbed in its intact form but is hydrolyzed to ellagic acid (EA) moieties and rapidly metabolized into short-lived metabolites of EA. We hypothesized that encapsulation of pomegranate polyphenols into biodegradable sustained release nanoparticles (NPs) may circumvent these limitations. We describe here the development, characterization, and bioactivity assessment of novel formulations of poly(D,L-lactic- co -glycolic acid)–poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA–PEG) NPs loaded with pomegranate extract (PE) or individual polyphenols such as PU or EA. Monodispersed, spherical 150–200 nm average diameter NPs were prepared by the double emulsion–solvent evaporation method. Uptake of Alexa Fluor-488-labeled NPs was evaluated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells over a 24-hour time course. Confocal fluorescent microscopy revealed that PLGA–PEG NPs were efficiently taken up, and the uptake reached the maximum at 24 hours. In addition, we examined the antiproliferative effects of PE-, PU-, and/or EA-loaded NPs in MCF-7 and Hs578T breast cancer cells. We found that PE, PU, and EA nanoprototypes had a 2- to 12-fold enhanced effect on cell growth inhibition compared to their free counterparts, while void NPs did not affect cell growth. PU-NPs were the most potent nanoprototype of pomegranates. Thus, PU may be the polyphenol of choice for further chemoprevention studies with pomegranate nanoprototypes. These data demonstrate that nanotechnology-enabled delivery of pomegranate polyphenols enhances their anticancer effects in breast cancer cells. Thus, pomegranate polyphenols are promising agents for nanochemoprevention of breast cancer.

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Colon Cancer Chemopreventive Activities of Pomegranate Ellagitannins and Urolithins

Cited by 184 publications

References 34 publications

Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols

Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols

The Therapeutic Potential of Pomegranate and Its Products for Prevention of Cancer

Nanoencapsulation of pomegranate bioactive compounds for breast cancer chemoprevention

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