Colonialism, Land, Ethnicity, and Class: Namibia after the Second National Land Conference

Melber, Henning

doi:10.1177/0002039719848506

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Predators such as lions, wild dogs, and hyenas, among others, were seen by officials and settlers as threats to the socio-economic prospects of commercial farming (Heydinger 2020). Because of these apartheid era land policies, competing predator species were eradicated in central and southern Namibia, land that remains mostly private/freehold commercial land today (Melber 2019). Policies supporting the eradication of predators on settler farms, however, were prohibited in African communities that suffer the same financial and physical impacts of HWC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The business of saving cheetahs: Cheetah ecology and the diverse politics at work in human wildlife conflict (HWC) interventions in Namibia

Brandon

2022

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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This paper is concerned with the intersection of cheetah ecology, human wildlife conflict (HWC), settler colonialism, and private land ownership in Namibia. Cheetahs’ ecological adaptation(s) in Namibia point to the need for a fuller picture of the permutations of conservation and conservation NGOs in Africa. In the case of Namibia, cheetahs’ ecological adaptations to interspecies threats have shaped their territory to be primarily on private commercial farms where they cause HWC. While cheetahs cause HWC on commercial farms and farming communities in Namibia writ large, HWC itself is not the conflict discussed in this research. Rather, HWC is the catalyst for what this paper will analyze to be a conflict between two private sector industries—commercial farming and cheetah conservation. After thirteen months of ethnographic fieldwork in Namibia, this case study suggested diverse politics are at work within the NGOs conservation intervention policies at global, national, and local scales. This research identified a theoretical and conceptual fissure which led to an anomaly in the field of political ecology. This paper will argue HWC is an organizing structure in the business of saving cheetahs. The NGOs studied in Namibia are a service-based industry. They invest in both tangible and intangible conservation services rather than market-based participatory approaches, ecosystem services, and/or economic development. This is illustrative of a shift from market-based conservation to a service-based approach and calls for widening the political ecology lens to account for other cases of NGOs’ on-the-ground conservation business practices in Africa.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The business of saving cheetahs: Cheetah ecology and the diverse politics at work in human wildlife conflict (HWC) interventions in Namibia

Brandon

2022

Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space

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“…In Namibia, this nexus between time and landscape is visible as national, regional and internal borders, and in the veterinary fence dividing communal land in the North from commercial land in the South, which is known as the 'Red Line' (Miescher 2012). It is also evidenced in colonial and postcolonial town planning and urbanization (Pendleton 1974;Simon 1986;Fumanti 2016), in land and farm demarcations, and in the persistently unequal and still racialised access to land and resources (Melber 2005(Melber , 2019. Time as Geography continues to leave traces on the Namibian landscape, as Brandt so eloquently shows in her work.…”

Section: Punctum 5 German-namibian Spectropoetics 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘haunting’ and the ‘haunted’: Whiteness, orthography and the (post)-apartheid condition in Namibia

Fumanti

2021

History and Anthropology

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In this paper I contend that a project of recovering one's ethnographic archive can engender not only a process of reflexivity, including on one's positionality, but also offer a heuristic device for exploring wider ethnographic issues. In starting with a reflection on my position as a white male researcher in Namibia, I focus my analysis to a broader exploration of whiteness in Namibia, and the enduring presence of apartheid in the (post)-apartheid era. In building on Tina Campt's haptic, I confront my own nostalgia and hauntings which emerged during the course of retrieving the orphaned ethnographic archive. In the process, I made space for making sense of the nostalgia and hauntings of other whites in Namibia, and more broadly, for exploring the relationship between whiteness and the (post)-apartheid condition. Further, I argue that a new vocabulary and orthography are needed for engaging with the (post)-apartheid condition. In traversing it as a series of puncta, I explore the complex interrelationship between whiteness' hauntingsits historical claims on people, space and timeand the ways in which apartheid's traces continue to haunt whiteness in the (post)-apartheid period. Haunting and haunted, I argued that white people's experiences, narratives and perceptions in Namibia are characterized by historical inequalities and privilege, as well as a sense of dislocation and dispossession. Ultimately, it is my belief that, as noted earlier, (post)-apartheid must be viewed as a condition that does not yet fully exist, but can only be desired, being understood as deferred.

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“…Land reforms have stimulated the emergence of a multitude of actors representing the state, communities and individuals, as well as formal and informal institutions regulating the relationships between these actors. Anastasia [16], Henning [17], and Boone [18] has shown that access to land remains marked by tensions. They note that high rates of ethnicity have acted as a real brake on land reform as a consequence of agricultural growth in Africa.…”

Section: Mcda000662 7(3)2020mentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the Moderating Effect of Active Agricultural Population, Ethnicity Rate and Urbanization on Agricultural Reforms and Agricultural Growth? From Theory to Empirical Evidence in Benin

Mounirou

2020

MCDA

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This mini review aims to evidence the moderating effect of agricultural population, ethnicity rate and urbanization on agricultural reforms and agricultural growth. Results from the estimation of VAR (1) confirm this relationship and urge the necessity to consider the main driving factors including the population, the ethnicity index and urbanization in the development and implementation of reforms in the agricultural sector for the sake of agricultural growth in developing countries.

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Colonialism, Land, Ethnicity, and Class: Namibia after the Second National Land Conference

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

The business of saving cheetahs: Cheetah ecology and the diverse politics at work in human wildlife conflict (HWC) interventions in Namibia

The business of saving cheetahs: Cheetah ecology and the diverse politics at work in human wildlife conflict (HWC) interventions in Namibia

The ‘haunting’ and the ‘haunted’: Whiteness, orthography and the (post)-apartheid condition in Namibia

What are the Moderating Effect of Active Agricultural Population, Ethnicity Rate and Urbanization on Agricultural Reforms and Agricultural Growth? From Theory to Empirical Evidence in Benin

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