Colonization and biodegradation of the cross-linked potassium polyacrylate component of water absorbing geocomposite by soil microorganisms

Oksińska, Małgorzata P.; Magnucka, Elżbieta G.; Lejcuś, Krzysztof; Jakubiak-Marcinkowska, Anna; Ronka, Sylwia; Trochimczuk, Andrzej W.; Pietr, S J

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.09.014

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Biodegradation studies indicated that the mineralization rate of the main chain (linear backbone) for XPAM and XPAA in agricultural soils ranges from 0.5% yr −1 to 1.7% yr −1 (Stahl et al., 2000; Wilske et al., 2014; Wolter et al., 2002). The mineralization of XPAA cross‐linkages by soil biotic processes and resulting solubilization occurs more quickly than for XPAM; the former's degradation rate varies from 1% yr −1 to 100% yr −1 (Cook et al., 1997; Stahl et al., 2000; Oksińska et al., 2019). The solubilization rate for XPAA in eroded Portneuf soil appears closer to the 100% yr −1 rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cook et al. (1997) reported rapid solubilization of XPAA gel particles during incubation in simulated municipal solid waste, with gels no longer visible after 3 d. Others found that XPAM and XPAA gel structure persisted in soils for months or years (Holliman et al., 2005; Oksińska, Magnucka, Lejcuś, & Pietr, 2016, 2019; Stahl et al., 2000). Oksińska et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oksińska et al. (2016, 2019) reported that the rate of solubilization differs with polymer type, being more rapid for XPAA (100% yr −1 ) than for XPAM (41% yr −1 ). Solubilization of the hydrogel molecule exposes interior linear components to degradation processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term water retention increases in degraded soils amended with cross‐linked polyacrylamide

Lentz

2020

Agronomy Journal

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Cross‐linked polymer hydrogels, polyacrylamide co‐polymer (XPAM), and K‐polyacrylate (XPAA) increase soil water availability under drought, but their long‐term effects are unknown despite the importance of such knowledge in assessing economic feasibility. This 9‐yr outdoor pot study evaluated a one‐time addition of XPAM or XPAA at 0.25 or 0.5% dry weight (5.6 or 11.2 Mg ha−1) in a degraded calcareous silt loam. Controls included an unamended degraded soil and an unamended nondegraded soil (topsoil). Soil water retention and plant available water (PAW, g water g−1 dry soil−1) were measured in soil samples collected in spring for seven of the nine years. Across all years, the 0.5% XPAM produced the greatest PAW (0.318) and the PAW of other treatments followed in the order: 0.5% XPAM > 0.25% XPAM > Topsoil > 0.5% XPAA > 0.25% XPAA = control (0.224). In all years, the 0.25% XPAM and 0.5% XPAM treatments increased soil PAW relative to the control, that is, their PAW ratios exceeded unity. Topsoil PAW exceeded that of the control in six of the seven years measured. The PAW of 0.25% XPAM and 0.5% XPAM peaked in Year 1 after application and declined linearly with time (P < .03), at −0.0036 yr−1 and −0.0044 yr−1, respectively. Hence, the mean residence time the XPAM‐related water‐retention benefit is 24–29 yr. In this study, soil water‐retention benefits from XPAM amendments exceeded projections proposed by the industry (5 yr) and suggests that the cost‐benefits of field‐level XPAM applications might be more favorable than previously anticipated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term water retention increases in degraded soils amended with cross‐linked polyacrylamide

Lentz

2020

Agronomy Journal

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“…After incubation for 20 days, T. polyzona did not cause a signi cant decrease in the dry weight and water absorbency compared to the controls incubated in the same medium without white rot fungus (Supplementary data I). The growth of the fungus was strongly inhibited by both SAPs and the activity of extracellular peroxidase that has been reported to oxidize a broad range of chemicals including lignin, PAM, and PAA into the unstable free radicals [2,22] was not detectable in the fungal cultures containing P(KA) and P(Am-co-KA). Therefore, the crude peroxidase was produced from T. polyzona and used to treat P(KA) and P(Am-co-KA) at different concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 U/g.…”

Section: Effects Of Crude Peroxidases Hydrogen Peroxide and Temperatmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Compared to another widely used poly(sodium acrylate), PKA is far more suitable for applications in agriculture, horticulture and soil care since it does not increase soil salinity [21]. Although there have been a number of reports on biodegradability of P(KA), the fate of P(KA) in the soil still cannot be clearly drawn, both chemically and biologically, and there have been of environmental concerns about its accumulation in agricultural lands [9][10][11]22]. Therefore, biodegradations of P(KA) and P(Am-co-KA) were evaluated after being buried in soil compared with the unburied one but incubated at room temperature for the same period.…”

Section: Biological Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Acrylic Acid/acrylamide Superabsorbent Copolymer

Bankeeree

Samathayanon

Prasongsuk

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Poly(potassium acrylate), P(KA), and poly[acrylamide-co-(potassium acrylate)], P(Am-co-KA), were synthesized and an effective degradation technique of the polymers via chemical and biological processes were pursued. Significant reductions in dry mass and water absorbency were observed after P(KA) (53% and 54%, respectively) and P(Am-co-KA) (43% and 40%, respectively) were buried in the soil for ten weeks. The living fungal culture failed to degrade the polymers, but the enzymatic treatment using crude peroxidase (20 U/g) for 16 h significantly decreased the dry mass (15%; 15.0±0.3 g) and water absorbency (13%; 16.0±1.0 g/g) of P(KA). Chemical oxidation using H2O2 at high temperature with/without peroxidase efficiently degraded P(KA) and P(Am-co-KA). The maximum degradation of P(KA) (99.84% weight loss) was obtained when incubated with 12.8% (v/w) H2O2 at 65 ºC for 7.3 h while 98.43% weight loss was achieved after P(Am-co-KA) was incubated with 14.8% (v/w) H2O2 at 68 ºC for 9.2 h. No significant inhibition was observed in seed germination of mung bean grown on the untreated polymers but sweet corn was slightly inhibited. The effects of degraded products on mung bean germination were not significantly different from the control and untreated polymers. On sweet corn, the degraded products were apparently less toxic than did the untreated polymers. These results suggested that the rapid and efficient degradation of polyacrylate and its copolymer by the thermo-oxidation of H2O2 could be applied for a larger scale of SAP waste management.

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Biodegradability of bio‐based and synthetic hydrogels as sustainable soil amendments: A review

Adjuik

Nokes

Montross

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), sometimes known as hydrogels, have been proposed as soil amendments to enhance soil water management. But the performance of SAPs as soil amendments depends on their stability in soil. Bio‐based SAPs have been praised as environmentally sustainable due to their apparent fast biodegradation relative to synthetic SAPs. But the fast biodegradation of bio‐based SAPs may come at a cost to their long‐term performance for repeated absorption and release of water in the soil. The purpose of this review is to (i) concisely summarize the methods and mechanisms involved in the biodegradation of different bio‐based and synthetic SAPs, (ii) critically review studies conducted on the biodegradability of bio‐based and synthetic SAPs when used as soil amendments, and (iii) discuss the implications of the biodegradability of bio‐based and synthetic SAPs on their physical properties and stability in soil and (iv) identify potential research directions. Understanding the biodegradability of synthetic compared to bio‐based SAPs and their advantages and disadvantages as soil amendments is important to researchers and farmers when choosing a specific type of SAPs as an agricultural soil amendment.

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Colonization and biodegradation of the cross-linked potassium polyacrylate component of water absorbing geocomposite by soil microorganisms

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

Long‐term water retention increases in degraded soils amended with cross‐linked polyacrylamide

Long‐term water retention increases in degraded soils amended with cross‐linked polyacrylamide

Degradation of Acrylic Acid/acrylamide Superabsorbent Copolymer

Biodegradability of bio‐based and synthetic hydrogels as sustainable soil amendments: A review

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