Colonization with Gentamicin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pyocine Type 5, in a Burn Unit

Activity of Five Aminoglycoside Antibiotics In Vitro Against Gram-Negative Bacilli and Staphylococcus aureus

“…One advantage of BB-K8 is its ability to inhibit and kill highly gentamicin-resistant strains, such as have been found to colonize patients treated in a burn unit where administration of topical gentamicin was prevalent (17). This pattern of BB-K8 susceptibility and a high degree of resistance to gentamicin, sisomicin, and tobramycin have also been observed in four clinical isolates obtained at the UCLA Hospital during the last six months (Table 3).…”

“…First, the peak serum levels of gentamicin after administration of 1 to 2 mg/kg (considered the upper range of nontoxic doses) may just exceed the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of many clinically significant organisms (21). Secondly, there are increasing reports of bacterial resistance to gentamicin either on the basis of selection of naturally occurring resistant strains (17) or epidemic spread of highly resistant organisms which possess resistance transfer factors (12). For these reasons, the search continues for new antimicrobial agents with a similar anti-gramnegative bacillary spectrum but with increased potency and an improved therapeutic ratio.…”

Hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care personnel

“…Of the control subjects 4 % had Enterobacteriaceae on their hands compared to 1-5 % of nurses. There are many reports of hand carriage of aerobic Gram-negative rods by health care workers; however, the vast majority of these have been carried out during the investigation of outbreaks of nosocomial infection (Buxton et al 1978;Knittle, Eitzman & Baer, 1975;Lowbury & Fox, 1954;Mayhall et al 1979;Parry et al 1980;Selwyn, 1965;Shulman, Terry & Hough, 1971). In the studies carried out in the endemic situation (Ayliffe et al 1979;Brown & Baublis, 1977;Bruun & Solberg, 1973;Casewell & Phillips, 1977;Larson, Strom & Evans, 1980;McBride et al 1972McBride et al , 1974Polk & Lopex, 1972;Salzman, Clark & Klemm, 1968) sampling techniques have varied and often speciation of the bacteria isolated was not performed.…”

Susceptibility of 1,500 Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Gentamicin, Carbenicillin, Colistin, and Polymyxin B

“…Widespread cross-infection by strains highly resistant to gentamicin (15) and to carbenicillin (11) has been observed, for example, in burns units, and the inclusion of many such strains in a series would markedly bias the overall susceptibility results. The present series is a large one comprising strains from a variety of sources, and there was a wide distribution of pyocine types in each of the four main subdivisions: strains from inpatients in the author's hospital, those from out-patients in that hospital, strains from the hospital environment, and strains from patients in other hospitals.…”