Colonizing Seascapes: Comparative Perspectives on the Development of Maritime Relations in Scandinavia and Patagonia

Bjerck, Hein Bjartmann

doi:10.1353/arc.0.0019

Cited by 54 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There are no physical traces of Early Holocene boats. However, the early spread of people up the Atlantic coast of Sweden and Norway and the occupation of offshore islands testify to the existence of boats of some kind (Bjerck, 2008b(Bjerck, , 2016Schmitt et al, 2009;Bjerck and Zangrando, 2013), though their precise nature remains controversial (Glørstad, 2013;Schmitt, 2013). Similar evidence comes from the earliest occupation of the Baltic coast of Sweden (Petterson and Wikell, 2014).…”

Section: Boats Colonization and Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Hunter-Gatherer Variability: Developing Models for the Northern Coasts

Rowley‐Conwy¹,

Piper²

2017

ARCTIC

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ABSTRACT. Hunter-fisher-gatherer (HFG) variability has received a lot of attention. We review the key developments in the theories of variability, which have usually resulted in binary classifications. We argue that a range of variation based on the degree of territorial ownership is preferable to these classifications. Hunter-fisher-gatherers of the world's northern coasts have only been partially explored in this way with regard to variability. A major reason for this is that such coastal groups use boats, so normative models of inland terrestrial foraging are not immediately applicable. We suggest that the Saxe-Goldstein hypothesis, the cautious linking of territoriality to funerary behaviour, may be a useful avenue to explore. Much work has been done by scholars of the northern coasts on boats and maritime transport, and some conclusions could be extrapolated to regions farther south.Key words: hunter-fisher-gatherers; variability; foragers; collectors delayed return; Saxe-Goldstein hypothesis; cemetery; mobility RÉSUMÉ. La variabilité caractérisant les chasseurs-pêcheurs-cueilleurs (CPC) reçoit beaucoup d'attention. Nous passons en revue les principaux développements en ce qui a trait aux théories de la variabilité, qui se traduisent habituellement par des classifications binaires. Nous soutenons qu'une plage de variations fondée sur le degré de propriété territoriale est préférable à ces classifications. La variabilité caractérisant les chasseurs-pêcheurs-cueilleurs des côtes nord de la planète n'a été étudiée qu'en partie. Cela s'explique majoritairement par le fait que ces groupes côtiers se servent d'embarcations, si bien que les modèles normatifs de recherche de nourriture à l'intérieur des terres ne sont pas immédiatement applicables. Nous suggérons que l'hypothèse de Saxe-Goldstein, soit le lien prudent entre la territorialité et le comportement funéraire, pourrait présenter une piste valant la peine d'être explorée. Les spécialistes des côtes nord ont beaucoup étudié le transport maritime et le transport au moyen d'embarcations, si bien qu'il pourrait être possible d'extrapoler certaines conclusions quant aux régions situées plus au sud.

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Section: Boats Colonization and Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

Hunter-Gatherer Variability: Developing Models for the Northern Coasts

Rowley‐Conwy¹,

Piper²

2017

ARCTIC

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“…On the Norwegian side of the North Sea basin, no sites have yielded radiocarbon dates older than approximately 9,500 cal. BCE (Bjerck 2009). …”

Section: Journal Of Lithic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost and found twice: Discussion of an early post-glacial single-edged tanged point from Brodgar on Orkney, Scotland

Ballin

Bjerck

2016

JLS

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Abstract:Over the last few decades it has been shown that Scotland was settled -or at least occasionally visited -during the late Upper Palaeolithic period. The finds include diagnostic artefacts of Hamburgian, Federmesser and Ahrensburgian typology, but since Livens' presentation in 1956 of three tanged arrowheads from Scotland, it has also been discussed whether northern Britain was settled or visited from the north-east, by groups belonging to the Scandinavian Fosna-Hensbacka complex. Only one of the three arrowheads presented by Livens appeared to be a Fosna-Hensbacka point, but this piece was lost immediately after the paper in which it was initially summarily described was published. However, this point -originally found at Brodgar on Orkney -has now been refound, and the authors hope that their detailed characterization and discussion of the object's date and affinity will allow the question of a possible Upper Palaeolithic-Early Mesolithic connection across Doggerland to be addressed in a more authoritative manner.

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“…Artifact assemblages demonstrate that the first settlers, the Fosna and Hensbacka traditions, are rooted in the Late Pleistocene Ahrensburg tradition in the northern part of the European plains. The extreme coastal location of Early Mesolithic sites in Norway and Sweden points to a definite marine adaptation (Bjerck 2009;Breivik 2014;Kindgren 1996;Svendsen 2007:68;Wikell and Pettersson 2009) (Figure 2). In fact, negative evidence from Scandinavian shorelines that are older than ca.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,500 cal. BP may indicate that marine foraging in open sea were peripheral in Late Pleistocene subsistence strategies in northwestern Europe and that the initial development of seaworthy boats and off shore marine foraging happened in parallel with the colonization of the Scandinavian seascapes (see Bjerck 2009;Bjerck et al 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I will not argue that fish, birds, reindeer, berries, or other available resources were overlooked, however. The main point is that pinnipeds probably were a cornerstone in the economic basis of the first settlers in coastal Scandinavia, and hence most decisive in their adaptive strategies, material culture, logistics, and settlements (Bang-Andersen 2012;Bjerck 2009;Breivik 2014;Kindgren 1996;Schmitt et al 2009;Skar et al 2016;Wikell and Pettersson 2009). The development and implementation of seaworthy vessels must have been a decisive factor in this process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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